base on :package: Mac App Store command-line interface <h1 align="center">  </h1> [](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/releases) [](Package.swift) [](LICENSE) [](https://www.swift.org) []( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/actions/workflows/build-test.yaml?query=branch%3Amain ) [](Package.swift) mas is a command-line interface for the Mac App Store that is designed for scripting & automation. <details> <summary> ## 📲 Installation </summary> <details> <summary> ### 🔮 macOS 10.15 (Catalina) or newer </summary> <details> <summary> #### 🍺 Homebrew Core formula </summary> [Homebrew](https://brew.sh) is the preferred way to install: ```shell brew install mas ``` </details> <details> <summary> #### 🔌 MacPorts </summary> [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/install.php) is an alternative way to install: ```shell sudo port install mas ``` </details> </details> <details> <summary> ### 🧮 macOS 10.11 (El Capitan) - 10.14 (Mojave) </summary> <details> <summary> #### 🍻 Custom Homebrew tap </summary> The [mas custom Homebrew tap](https://github.com/mas-cli/homebrew-tap) provides pre-built bottles for all macOS versions since 10.11 (El Capitan). The newest versions of mas, however, are only available for macOS 10.15+ (Catalina or newer). To install mas from the custom tap: ```shell brew install mas-cli/tap/mas ``` </details> <details> <summary> #### 🐙 GitHub Releases </summary> Alternatively, binaries & sources are available from [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/releases). </details> <details> <summary> #### 🕊 Swift 5 runtime support </summary> mas requires Swift 5 runtime support. macOS 10.14.4 (Mojave) & newer include it, but earlier releases do not. Without it, running mas might report errors similar to: > dyld: Symbol not found: _$s11SubSequenceSlTl To get Swift 5 support on macOS versions older than 10.14.4 (Mojave), you can: - Update to macOS 10.14.4 (Mojave) or newer - Install the [Swift 5 Runtime Support for Command Line Tools]( https://support.apple.com/en-us/106446 ) - Install Xcode 10.2 or newer to `/Applications/Xcode.app` </details> </details> </details> <details> <summary> ## 🤳 Usage </summary> <details> <summary> ### 🪪 App IDs </summary> Each app in the App Store has a unique integer app identifier (ADAM ID) & a unique text app identifier (bundle ID). mas commands accept either form of app ID as arguments. `mas search` & `mas list` can be used to find the ADAM IDs of apps. Alternatively, to find an app's ADAM ID: 1. Find the app in the App Store 2. Select `Share` > `Copy Link` 3. Extract the ADAM ID from the URL - e.g., extract ADAM ID `497799835` from the URL for Xcode (<https://apps.apple.com/us/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12>) </details> <details> <summary> ### 🛍 Info from the App Store </summary> The commands in this section do not require you to be logged into an Apple Account, neither for your macOS user nor for the App Store. <details> <summary> #### `mas search` </summary> `mas search <search-term>` searches by name for apps available from the App Store. Providing the `--price` flag includes each app's price in the output. ```console $ mas search Xcode 497799835 Xcode 688199928 Docs for Xcode … ``` </details> <details> <summary> #### `mas lookup` </summary> `mas lookup <app-id>` outputs more detailed information about an app available from the App Store. ```console $ mas lookup 497799835 Xcode 26.1.1 [Free] By: Apple Inc. Released: 2025-11-11 Minimum OS: 15.6 Size: 2,913.8 MB From: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12&uo=4 ``` </details> </details> <details> <summary> ### 📚 Info from your local app library </summary> All the commands in this section require you to be logged into an Apple Account for your macOS user. <details> <summary> #### `mas list` </summary> `mas list` outputs all the apps on your Mac that were installed from the App Store. ```console $ mas list 497799835 Xcode (15.4) 640199958 Developer (10.6.5) 899247664 TestFlight (3.5.2) ``` </details> <details> <summary> #### `mas outdated` </summary> `mas outdated` outputs all apps installed from the App Store on your Mac that have pending updates. ```console $ mas outdated 497799835 Xcode (15.4 -> 16.0) 640199958 Developer (10.6.5 -> 10.6.6) ``` Run [`mas update`](#mas-update) to install pending updates. </details> </details> <details> <summary> ### ⬇️ Installing apps </summary> All the commands in this section require you to be logged into an Apple Account in the App Store. > Depending on your Apple Account settings, you might need to re-authenticate in > the App Store to perform a `get`, `install`, `lucky`, or `update`, even if you > are already signed in to an Apple Account in the App Store. <details> <summary> #### `mas get` </summary> `mas get <app-id>…` installs free apps that you haven't yet gotten/"purchased" from the App Store. [Requires root privileges to install apps](#-root-privileges). > The `purchase` alias is currently a misnomer, because it currently can only > "purchase" free apps. To purchase apps that cost money, purchase them directly > in the App Store. ```console $ mas get 497799835 ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` </details> <details> <summary> #### `mas install` </summary> `mas install <app-id>…` installs apps that you have already gotten or purchased from the App Store. Providing the `--force` flag re-installs the app even if it is already installed on your Mac. [Requires root privileges to install apps](#-root-privileges). ```console $ mas install 497799835 ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` </details> <details> <summary> #### `mas lucky` </summary> `mas lucky <search-term>` installs the first result that would be returned by `mas search <search-term>`. Like `mas install`, `mas lucky` can only install apps that have previously been gotten or purchased. [Requires root privileges to install apps](#-root-privileges). ```console $ mas lucky Xcode ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` </details> </details> <details> <summary> ### 🆕 Upgrading apps </summary> All the commands in this section require you to be logged into an Apple Account in the App Store. > mas only installs/updates apps from the App Store. > > Use [`softwareupdate(8)`](https://www.unix.com/man-page/osx/8/softwareupdate) > to install system updates (e.g., Xcode Command Line Tools, Safari, etc.) <details> <summary> #### `mas update` </summary> `mas update` updates outdated apps installed from the App Store. Without any arguments, it updates all such apps. [Requires root privileges to update apps](#-root-privileges). ```console $ mas update Upgrading 2 outdated applications: Xcode (15.4) -> (16.0) Developer (10.6.5) -> (10.6.6) ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ==> Downloading Developer ==> Installed Developer ``` Updates can be performed selectively by providing app IDs to `mas update`. ```console $ mas update 715768417 Upgrading 1 outdated application: Xcode (15.4) -> (16.0) ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` </details> </details> <details> <summary> ### 🪪 App Store account management </summary> All the commands in this section interact with the Apple Account for which you are signed in to the App Store. These commands do not interact with the Apple Account for which your macOS user is signed in. <details> <summary> #### `mas signin` </summary> > ⛔ The `signin` command is not supported on macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) or newer. > On those macOS versions, sign in via the App Store instead (see the > [known issue](#-broken-apple-private-frameworks)). On macOS 10.12 (Sierra) or older, `mas signin <apple-id>` signs in to the specified Apple Account in the App Store. ```console $ mas signin [email protected] Password: ``` Providing the `--dialog` flag signs in using a graphical dialog provided by App Store. ```shell mas signin --dialog [email protected] ``` You can also embed your password in the command. ```shell mas signin [email protected] MyPassword ``` </details> <details> <summary> #### `mas signout` </summary> `mas signout` signs out from the current Apple Account in the App Store. </details> </details> <details> <summary> ### 🫚 Root privileges </summary> Root privileges are now necessary to install/update apps from the App Store, because Apple secured `installd` on macOS 26.1+, 15.7.2+ & 14.8.2+ to fix [CVE-2025-43411](https://nvd.nist.gov/vuln/detail/CVE-2025-43411). To simplify the code, mas 4.0.0+ requires root privileges to install/update apps for all versions of macOS, even older ones for which `installd` hasn't been secured. Most users are already, or soon will be, using affected macOS versions. Root privileges were always necessary to uninstall apps from the App Store, because such apps are owned by the `root` user on macOS. mas 4.0.0+ will request root privileges if you run mas without them, so you needn't remember to use `sudo mas uninstall …` like beforehand. Root privileges can be granted by running using `sudo mas …` on the command line, or, if you run `mas` by itself without `sudo`, by entering your macOS account password when prompted by `mas`. If you choose the latter route, the supplied password is piped directly from the terminal to an external process `sudo` call in the `mas` executable; your password is never seen by any mas code, nor is it stored in any way. Any sudo credentials used or established by the `mas` executable will remain valid, pursuant to your user-configured sudo timeout settings. </details> </details> <details> <summary> ## 🧩 Integrations </summary> <details> <summary> ### 🍻 Homebrew Bundle </summary> If mas is installed: - `brew bundle dump` includes installed App Store apps in the generated `Brewfile` - Homebrew Bundle commands will process App Store apps included in a `Brewfile` See the [Homebrew Bundle documentation](https://docs.brew.sh/Brew-Bundle-and-Brewfile) for more details. </details> <details> <summary> ### ⚙️ Topgrade </summary> If mas is installed, running [Topgrade](https://github.com/topgrade-rs/topgrade) updates installed App Store apps. </details> </details> <details> <summary> ## ⚠️ Known issues </summary> <details> <summary> ### 💥 Broken Apple private frameworks </summary> mas uses multiple undocumented Apple private frameworks to implement much of its functionality. Over time, Apple has silently changed these frameworks, breaking some functionality, including: - [The `account` command is not supported on macOS 12 (Monterey) or newer]( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/417 ) - [The `signin` command is not supported on macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) or newer]( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/164 ) </details> <details> <summary> ### ⏳ Eventual consistency </summary> The App Store operates on eventual consistency. [The app versions seen by various parts of mas or the App Store might be inconsistent for days](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/387). </details> <details> <summary> ### 📱 iOS & iPadOS apps </summary> Apple Silicon Macs can install iOS & iPadOS apps from the App Store. [mas does not yet support iOS or iPadOS apps]( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/321 ). </details> <details> <summary> ### 📺 `tmux` </summary> mas depends on the same XPC system services as the App Store. mas thus experiences similar problems as the pasteboard when running inside `tmux`. This [wrapper](https://github.com/ChrisJohnsen/tmux-MacOSX-pasteboard) allows pasteboard & mas to work inside `tmux`. `tmux` can be configured to always use the wrapper. Alternatively, the wrapper can be used on a one-off basis: ```shell brew install reattach-to-user-namespace reattach-to-user-namespace mas install ``` </details> <details> <summary> ### 🤷 Undetected installed apps </summary> mas 2.0.0+ sources data for installed App Store apps from macOS's Spotlight Metadata Server (aka MDS). You can check if an App Store app is properly indexed in the MDS: ```console ## General format: $ mdls -rn kMDItemAppStoreAdamID <path-to-app> ## Outputs the ADAM ID if the app is indexed ## Outputs nothing if the app is not indexed ## Example: $ mdls -rn kMDItemAppStoreAdamID /Applications/WhatsApp.app 310633997 ``` If an app has been indexed in the MDS, the path to the app can be found: ```shell mdfind 'kMDItemAppStoreAdamID == <adam-id>' ``` If any App Store apps are not indexed, the MDS can be enabled/rebuilt for all file system volumes: ```shell sudo mdutil -Eai on ``` </details> </details> <details> <summary> ## ❗ Troubleshooting </summary> <details> <summary> ### 🚫 Redownload not available </summary> If the following error occurs, you probably [haven't yet gotten or purchased the app from the App Store](#mas-install). > This redownload is not available for this Apple Account either because it was > bought by a different user or the item was refunded or canceled. </details> <details> <summary> ### ❓ Other issues </summary> If mas doesn't work as expected (e.g., apps can't be installed/updated), run `mas reset`, then try again. If the issue persists, please [file a bug]( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/new?template=01-bug-report.yaml ). All feedback is much appreciated! </details> </details> <details> <summary> ## 🏗 Building </summary> mas can be built in Xcode or built by the following script: ```shell Scripts/build ``` Build output can be found in the `.build` folder in the project's root folder. </details> <details> <summary> ## 🧪 Testing </summary> Tests are implemented in [Swift Testing](https://developer.apple.com/xcode/swift-testing). Tests can be run by the following script: ```shell Scripts/test ``` </details> <details> <summary> ## 📄 License </summary> Code is under the [MIT license](LICENSE). mas was originally created by Andrew Naylor ([@argon on GitHub](https://github.com/argon) / [@argon on X](https://x.com/argon)). </details> ", Assign "at most 3 tags" to the expected json: {"id":"11377","tags":[]} "only from the tags list I provide: [{"id":77,"name":"3d"},{"id":89,"name":"agent"},{"id":17,"name":"ai"},{"id":54,"name":"algorithm"},{"id":24,"name":"api"},{"id":44,"name":"authentication"},{"id":3,"name":"aws"},{"id":27,"name":"backend"},{"id":60,"name":"benchmark"},{"id":72,"name":"best-practices"},{"id":39,"name":"bitcoin"},{"id":37,"name":"blockchain"},{"id":1,"name":"blog"},{"id":45,"name":"bundler"},{"id":58,"name":"cache"},{"id":21,"name":"chat"},{"id":49,"name":"cicd"},{"id":4,"name":"cli"},{"id":64,"name":"cloud-native"},{"id":48,"name":"cms"},{"id":61,"name":"compiler"},{"id":68,"name":"containerization"},{"id":92,"name":"crm"},{"id":34,"name":"data"},{"id":47,"name":"database"},{"id":8,"name":"declarative-gui "},{"id":9,"name":"deploy-tool"},{"id":53,"name":"desktop-app"},{"id":6,"name":"dev-exp-lib"},{"id":59,"name":"dev-tool"},{"id":13,"name":"ecommerce"},{"id":26,"name":"editor"},{"id":66,"name":"emulator"},{"id":62,"name":"filesystem"},{"id":80,"name":"finance"},{"id":15,"name":"firmware"},{"id":73,"name":"for-fun"},{"id":2,"name":"framework"},{"id":11,"name":"frontend"},{"id":22,"name":"game"},{"id":81,"name":"game-engine "},{"id":23,"name":"graphql"},{"id":84,"name":"gui"},{"id":91,"name":"http"},{"id":5,"name":"http-client"},{"id":51,"name":"iac"},{"id":30,"name":"ide"},{"id":78,"name":"iot"},{"id":40,"name":"json"},{"id":83,"name":"julian"},{"id":38,"name":"k8s"},{"id":31,"name":"language"},{"id":10,"name":"learning-resource"},{"id":33,"name":"lib"},{"id":41,"name":"linter"},{"id":28,"name":"lms"},{"id":16,"name":"logging"},{"id":76,"name":"low-code"},{"id":90,"name":"message-queue"},{"id":42,"name":"mobile-app"},{"id":18,"name":"monitoring"},{"id":36,"name":"networking"},{"id":7,"name":"node-version"},{"id":55,"name":"nosql"},{"id":57,"name":"observability"},{"id":46,"name":"orm"},{"id":52,"name":"os"},{"id":14,"name":"parser"},{"id":74,"name":"react"},{"id":82,"name":"real-time"},{"id":56,"name":"robot"},{"id":65,"name":"runtime"},{"id":32,"name":"sdk"},{"id":71,"name":"search"},{"id":63,"name":"secrets"},{"id":25,"name":"security"},{"id":85,"name":"server"},{"id":86,"name":"serverless"},{"id":70,"name":"storage"},{"id":75,"name":"system-design"},{"id":79,"name":"terminal"},{"id":29,"name":"testing"},{"id":12,"name":"ui"},{"id":50,"name":"ux"},{"id":88,"name":"video"},{"id":20,"name":"web-app"},{"id":35,"name":"web-server"},{"id":43,"name":"webassembly"},{"id":69,"name":"workflow"},{"id":87,"name":"yaml"}]" returns me the "expected json"