base on :package: Mac App Store command line interface <h1 align="center"><img src="mas-cli.png" alt="mas-cli" width="450" height="138"></h1> # mas A command-line interface for the Mac App Store. Designed for scripting & automation. [](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/releases) [](LICENSE) [](https://www.swift.org) [](https://houndci.com) []( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/actions/workflows/build-test.yml?query=branch%3Amain ) ## 📲 Installation ### 🍺 Homebrew [Homebrew](https://brew.sh) is the preferred way to install: ```shell brew install mas ``` ⚠️ macOS 10.15 (Catalina) or newer is required to install mas from the Homebrew core formula. ### 🔌 MacPorts [MacPorts](https://www.macports.org/install.php) is an alternative way to install: ```shell sudo port install mas ``` ⚠️ macOS 10.15 (Catalina) or newer is required to install mas from MacPorts. ### 🧮 Older macOS Versions #### 🍻 Custom Homebrew tap The [mas custom Homebrew tap](https://github.com/mas-cli/homebrew-tap) provides pre-built bottles for all macOS versions since 10.11 (El Capitan). The newest versions of mas, however, are only available for macOS 10.15+ (Catalina or newer). To install mas from the custom tap: ```shell brew install mas-cli/tap/mas ``` #### 🐙 GitHub Releases Alternatively, binaries & sources are available from the [GitHub Releases](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/releases). #### 🕊 Swift 5 Runtime Support mas requires Swift 5 runtime support. macOS 10.14.4 (Mojave) & newer include it, but earlier releases do not. Without it, running mas might report errors similar to: > dyld: Symbol not found: _$s11SubSequenceSlTl To get Swift 5 support on macOS versions older than 10.14.4 (Mojave), you can: - Upgrade to macOS 10.14.4 (Mojave) or newer. - Install the [Swift 5 Runtime Support for Command Line Tools](https://support.apple.com/en-us/106446). - Install Xcode 10.2 or newer to `/Applications/Xcode.app`. ## 🤳 Usage ### 🪪 App IDs Each application in the Mac App Store has an integer app identifier (app ID). mas commands accept app IDs as arguments & output App IDs to uniquely identify apps. `mas search` & `mas list` can be used to find the app IDs of relevant apps. Alternatively, to find an app's app ID: 1. Find the app in the Mac App Store 2. Select `Share` > `Copy Link` 3. Extract the app ID from the URL. e.g., the Mac App Store URL for Xcode (<https://apps.apple.com/us/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12>) has app ID `497799835` ### 🛍 Info from the Mac App Store None of the commands in this section require you to be logged into an Apple Account, neither for your macOS user nor in the Mac App Store. #### `mas search` `mas search <search-term>` searches by name for applications available from the Mac App Store. Providing the `--price` flag includes each app's price in the output. ```console $ mas search Xcode 497799835 Xcode 688199928 Docs for Xcode [...] ``` #### `mas info` `mas info <app-id>` displays more detailed information about an application available from the Mac App Store. ```console $ mas info 497799835 Xcode 16.0 [Free] By: Apple Inc. Released: 2024-09-16 Minimum OS: 14.5 Size: 2.98 GB From: https://apps.apple.com/us/app/xcode/id497799835?mt=12&uo=4 ``` ### 📚 Info from Your Local App Library All the commands in this section require you to be logged into an Apple Account for your macOS user. #### `mas list` `mas list` displays all the applications on your Mac that were installed from the Mac App Store. ```console $ mas list 497799835 Xcode (15.4) 640199958 Developer (10.6.5) 899247664 TestFlight (3.5.2) ``` #### `mas outdated` `mas outdated` displays all applications installed from the Mac App Store on your Mac that have pending upgrades. ```console $ mas outdated 497799835 Xcode (15.4 -> 16.0) 640199958 Developer (10.6.5 -> 10.6.6) ``` Run [`mas upgrade`](#mas-upgrade) to install pending upgrades. ### ⬇️ Installing Apps All the commands in this section require you to be logged into an Apple Account in the Mac App Store. > Depending on your Apple Account settings, you might need to re-authenticate yourself in the > Mac App Store to perform a purchase, install, lucky, or upgrade, even if you are already > signed in to an Apple Account in the Mac App Store. #### `mas purchase` `mas purchase <app-id>…` installs free applications that you haven't yet gotten/"purchased" from the Mac App Store. > `purchase` is currently a misnomer, because it currently can only "purchase" free > apps. To purchase apps that cost money, please purchase them directly in the Mac App Store. ```console $ mas purchase 497799835 ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` #### `mas install` `mas install <app-id>…` installs apps that you have already gotten/"purchased" from the Mac App Store. Providing the `--force` flag re-installs the app even if it is already installed on your Mac. ```console $ mas install 497799835 ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` #### `mas lucky` `mas lucky <search-term>` installs the first result that would be returned by `mas search <search-term>`. Like `mas install`, `mas lucky` can only install apps that have previously been gotten/"purchased". ```console $ mas lucky Xcode ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` ### 🆕 Upgrading Apps All the commands in this section require you to be logged into an Apple Account in the Mac App Store. > mas only installs/upgrades applications from the Mac App Store. > > Use [`softwareupdate(8)`](https://www.unix.com/man-page/osx/8/softwareupdate) to install > system updates (e.g., Xcode Command Line Tools, Safari, etc.) #### `mas upgrade` `mas upgrade` upgrades outdated apps installed from the Mac App Store. Without any arguments, it upgrades all such apps. ```console $ mas upgrade Upgrading 2 outdated applications: Xcode (15.4) -> (16.0) Developer (10.6.5) -> (10.6.6) ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ==> Downloading Developer ==> Installed Developer ``` Upgrades can be performed selectively by providing app IDs to `mas upgrade`. ```console $ mas upgrade 715768417 Upgrading 1 outdated application: Xcode (15.4) -> (16.0) ==> Downloading Xcode ==> Installed Xcode ``` ### Mac App Store Account Management All the commands in this section interact with the Apple Account for which you are signed in to the Mac App Store. These commands do not interact with the Apple Account for which your macOS user is signed in. #### `mas signin` > ⛔ The `signin` command is not supported on macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) or newer. On those macOS > versions, please sign in via the Mac App Store instead. Please see > [Known Issues](#known-issues). On macOS 10.12 (Sierra) or older, `mas signin <apple-id>` signs in to the specified Apple Account in the Mac App Store. ```console $ mas signin [email protected] Password: ``` Providing the `--dialog` flag signs in using a graphical dialog provided by Mac App Store. ```shell mas signin --dialog [email protected] ``` You can also embed your password in the command. ```shell mas signin [email protected] MyPassword ``` #### `mas signout` `mas signout` signs out from the current Apple Account in the Mac App Store. ## 🍺 Homebrew integration mas integrates with [homebrew-bundle]. If mas is installed, when you run `brew bundle dump`, your Mac App Store apps will be included in the created Brewfile. See the [homebrew-bundle] docs for more details. <!-- markdownlint-disable-next-line MD033 --> ## <a name="known-issues"></a> ⚠️ Known Issues ### 💥 Changed Apple Private Frameworks mas uses multiple undocumented Apple private frameworks to implement much of its functionality. Over time, Apple has silently changed these frameworks, breaking some functionality. Known issues include: - ⛔ The `signin` command is not supported on macOS 10.13 (High Sierra) or newer. [#164]( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/164 ) - ⛔ The `account` command is not supported on macOS 12 (Monterey) or newer. [#417]( https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/417 ) ### ⏳ Eventual Consistency The Mac App Store operates on eventual consistency, so the versions seen by various parts of mas or the Mac App Store might be inconsistent for short periods of time. This might cause symptoms like [#384](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/384) & [#387](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/387). ### 📱 iOS & iPadOS Apps Apple Silicon Macs can install & run iOS & iPadOS apps from the Mac App Store. mas does not yet support such apps. [#321](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/321) ### 📺 Using `tmux` mas operates via the same system services as the Mac App Store. These exist as separate processes with communication through XPC. As a result of this, mas experiences similar problems as the pasteboard when running inside `tmux`. A [wrapper tool exists](https://github.com/ChrisJohnsen/tmux-MacOSX-pasteboard) to fix pasteboard behavior which also works for mas. You should consider configuring `tmux` to use the wrapper, but, if you do not wish to do this, it can be used on a one-off basis as follows: ```shell brew install reattach-to-user-namespace reattach-to-user-namespace mas install ``` ### 📭 `mas list`, `mas outdated`, `mas uninstall`, or `mas upgrade` does not detect installed apps mas 2.0.0+ sources data for installed Mac App Store apps from macOS's Spotlight metadata store. mas can only interact with installed Mac App Store apps if they have been indexed by the Spotlight Metadata Server (aka MDS) background processes. You can check if a Mac App Store app has been indexed in the metadata store by running: ```console ## General format: $ mdls -rn kMDItemAppStoreAdamID /path/to/app ## Outputs nothing if the app is not indexed ## Outputs the app ID if the app is indexed ## Example: $ mdls -rn kMDItemAppStoreAdamID /Applications/WhatsApp.app 310633997 ``` If an app has been indexed in the metadata store, given its app ID, you can find the path to the app by running: ```console $ mdfind 'kMDItemAppStoreAdamID == 310633997' /Applications/WhatsApp.app ``` If any of your Mac App Store apps are not indexed, you can enable/rebuild the metadata store for all file system volumes by running: ```shell sudo mdutil -Eai on ``` ## 🚫 When something doesn't work If you see the following error, it's probably because you haven't yet "purchased" the app through the Mac App Store. See [#46](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/46#issuecomment-248581233). > This redownload is not available for this Apple Account either because it was bought by a > different user or the item was refunded or canceled. If mas doesn't work for you as expected (e.g., you can't install/upgrade apps), run `mas reset`, then try again. If the issue persists, please [file a bug](https://github.com/mas-cli/mas/issues/new). All feedback is much appreciated! ✨ ## 🏗 Build from source You can build from Xcode by opening the root mas directory, or from the Terminal: ```shell script/build ``` Build output can be found in the `.build` directory within the project. ## 🧪 Tests Tests are written using [Quick](https://github.com/Quick/Quick) & [Nimble](https://github.com/Quick/Nimble). ```shell script/test ``` ## 📄 License Code is under the [MIT license](LICENSE). mas was created by [@argon](https://github.com/argon). [homebrew-bundle]: https://github.com/Homebrew/homebrew-bundle ", Assign "at most 3 tags" to the expected json: {"id":"11377","tags":[]} "only from the tags list I provide: [{"id":77,"name":"3d"},{"id":89,"name":"agent"},{"id":17,"name":"ai"},{"id":54,"name":"algorithm"},{"id":24,"name":"api"},{"id":44,"name":"authentication"},{"id":3,"name":"aws"},{"id":27,"name":"backend"},{"id":60,"name":"benchmark"},{"id":72,"name":"best-practices"},{"id":39,"name":"bitcoin"},{"id":37,"name":"blockchain"},{"id":1,"name":"blog"},{"id":45,"name":"bundler"},{"id":58,"name":"cache"},{"id":21,"name":"chat"},{"id":49,"name":"cicd"},{"id":4,"name":"cli"},{"id":64,"name":"cloud-native"},{"id":48,"name":"cms"},{"id":61,"name":"compiler"},{"id":68,"name":"containerization"},{"id":92,"name":"crm"},{"id":34,"name":"data"},{"id":47,"name":"database"},{"id":8,"name":"declarative-gui "},{"id":9,"name":"deploy-tool"},{"id":53,"name":"desktop-app"},{"id":6,"name":"dev-exp-lib"},{"id":59,"name":"dev-tool"},{"id":13,"name":"ecommerce"},{"id":26,"name":"editor"},{"id":66,"name":"emulator"},{"id":62,"name":"filesystem"},{"id":80,"name":"finance"},{"id":15,"name":"firmware"},{"id":73,"name":"for-fun"},{"id":2,"name":"framework"},{"id":11,"name":"frontend"},{"id":22,"name":"game"},{"id":81,"name":"game-engine "},{"id":23,"name":"graphql"},{"id":84,"name":"gui"},{"id":91,"name":"http"},{"id":5,"name":"http-client"},{"id":51,"name":"iac"},{"id":30,"name":"ide"},{"id":78,"name":"iot"},{"id":40,"name":"json"},{"id":83,"name":"julian"},{"id":38,"name":"k8s"},{"id":31,"name":"language"},{"id":10,"name":"learning-resource"},{"id":33,"name":"lib"},{"id":41,"name":"linter"},{"id":28,"name":"lms"},{"id":16,"name":"logging"},{"id":76,"name":"low-code"},{"id":90,"name":"message-queue"},{"id":42,"name":"mobile-app"},{"id":18,"name":"monitoring"},{"id":36,"name":"networking"},{"id":7,"name":"node-version"},{"id":55,"name":"nosql"},{"id":57,"name":"observability"},{"id":46,"name":"orm"},{"id":52,"name":"os"},{"id":14,"name":"parser"},{"id":74,"name":"react"},{"id":82,"name":"real-time"},{"id":56,"name":"robot"},{"id":65,"name":"runtime"},{"id":32,"name":"sdk"},{"id":71,"name":"search"},{"id":63,"name":"secrets"},{"id":25,"name":"security"},{"id":85,"name":"server"},{"id":86,"name":"serverless"},{"id":70,"name":"storage"},{"id":75,"name":"system-design"},{"id":79,"name":"terminal"},{"id":29,"name":"testing"},{"id":12,"name":"ui"},{"id":50,"name":"ux"},{"id":88,"name":"video"},{"id":20,"name":"web-app"},{"id":35,"name":"web-server"},{"id":43,"name":"webassembly"},{"id":69,"name":"workflow"},{"id":87,"name":"yaml"}]" returns me the "expected json"