base on 阿里巴巴 MySQL binlog 增量订阅&消费组件 [](https://travis-ci.com/alibaba/canal) [](https://codecov.io/gh/alibaba/canal)   [](http://isitmaintained.com/project/alibaba/canal "average time to resolve an issue") [](http://isitmaintained.com/project/alibaba/canal "percentage of issues still open") [](https://opensource.alibaba.com/contribution_leaderboard/details?projectValue=canal) ## 简介  **canal [kə'næl]**，译意为水道/管道/沟渠，主要用途是基于 MySQL 数据库增量日志解析，提供增量数据订阅和消费 早期阿里巴巴因为杭州和美国双机房部署，存在跨机房同步的业务需求，实现方式主要是基于业务 trigger 获取增量变更。从 2010 年开始，业务逐步尝试数据库日志解析获取增量变更进行同步，由此衍生出了大量的数据库增量订阅和消费业务。 基于日志增量订阅和消费的业务包括 - 数据库镜像 - 数据库实时备份 - 索引构建和实时维护(拆分异构索引、倒排索引等) - 业务 cache 刷新 - 带业务逻辑的增量数据处理 当前的 canal 支持源端 MySQL 版本包括 5.1.x , 5.5.x , 5.6.x , 5.7.x , 8.0.x ## 工作原理 #### MySQL主备复制原理  - MySQL master 将数据变更写入二进制日志( binary log, 其中记录叫做二进制日志事件binary log events，可以通过 show binlog events 进行查看) - MySQL slave 将 master 的 binary log events 拷贝到它的中继日志(relay log) - MySQL slave 重放 relay log 中事件，将数据变更反映它自己的数据 #### canal 工作原理 - canal 模拟 MySQL slave 的交互协议，伪装自己为 MySQL slave ，向 MySQL master 发送dump 协议 - MySQL master 收到 dump 请求，开始推送 binary log 给 slave (即 canal ) - canal 解析 binary log 对象(原始为 byte 流) ## 重要版本更新说明 1. canal 1.1.x 版本（[release_note](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases)）,性能与功能层面有较大的突破,重要提升包括: - 整体性能测试&优化,提升了150%. #726 参考: [Performance](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Performance) - 原生支持prometheus监控 #765 [Prometheus QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Prometheus-QuickStart) - 原生支持kafka消息投递 #695 [Canal Kafka/RocketMQ QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Kafka-RocketMQ-QuickStart) - 原生支持aliyun rds的binlog订阅 (解决自动主备切换/oss binlog离线解析) 参考: [Aliyun RDS QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/aliyun-RDS-QuickStart) - 原生支持docker镜像 #801 参考: [Docker QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Docker-QuickStart) 2. canal 1.1.4版本，迎来最重要的WebUI能力，引入canal-admin工程，支持面向WebUI的canal动态管理能力，支持配置、任务、日志等在线白屏运维能力，具体文档：[Canal Admin Guide](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Admin-Guide) ## 文档 - [Home](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Home) - [Introduction](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Introduction) - [QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/QuickStart) - [Docker QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Docker-QuickStart) - [Canal Kafka/RocketMQ QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Kafka-RocketMQ-QuickStart") - [Aliyun RDS for MySQL QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/aliyun-RDS-QuickStart) - [Prometheus QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Prometheus-QuickStart) - Canal Admin - [Canal Admin QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Admin-QuickStart) - [Canal Admin Guide](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Admin-Guide) - [Canal Admin ServerGuide](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Admin-ServerGuide) - [Canal Admin Docker](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Admin-Docker) - [AdminGuide](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/AdminGuide) - [ClientExample](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/ClientExample) - [ClientAPI](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/ClientAPI) - [Performance](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Performance) - [DevGuide](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/DevGuide) - [BinlogChange(MySQL 5.6)](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/BinlogChange%28mysql5.6%29) - [BinlogChange(MariaDB)](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/BinlogChange%28MariaDB%29) - [TableMetaTSDB](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/TableMetaTSDB) - [ReleaseNotes](http://alibaba.github.com/canal/release.html) - [Download](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/releases) - [FAQ](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/FAQ) ## 多语言 canal 特别设计了 client-server 模式，交互协议使用 protobuf 3.0 , client 端可采用不同语言实现不同的消费逻辑，欢迎大家提交 pull request - canal java 客户端: [https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/ClientExample](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/ClientExample) - canal c# 客户端: [https://github.com/dotnetcore/CanalSharp](https://github.com/dotnetcore/CanalSharp) - canal go客户端: [https://github.com/CanalClient/canal-go](https://github.com/CanalClient/canal-go) - canal php客户端: [https://github.com/xingwenge/canal-php](https://github.com/xingwenge/canal-php) - canal Python客户端：[https://github.com/haozi3156666/canal-python](https://github.com/haozi3156666/canal-python) - canal Rust客户端：[https://github.com/laohanlinux/canal-rs](https://github.com/laohanlinux/canal-rs) - canal Nodejs客户端：[https://github.com/marmot-z/canal-nodejs](https://github.com/marmot-z/canal-nodejs) canal 作为 MySQL binlog 增量获取和解析工具，可将变更记录投递到 MQ 系统中，比如 Kafka/RocketMQ，可以借助于 MQ 的多语言能力 - 参考文档: [Canal Kafka/RocketMQ QuickStart](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/wiki/Canal-Kafka-RocketMQ-QuickStart) ## 基于canal开发的工具 - canal2sql(基于binlog生成SQL) : [https://github.com/zhuchao941/canal2sql] ## 相关开源&产品 - [canal 消费端开源项目: Otter](http://github.com/alibaba/otter) - [阿里巴巴去 Oracle 数据迁移同步工具: yugong](http://github.com/alibaba/yugong) - [阿里巴巴离线同步开源项目 DataX](https://github.com/alibaba/datax) - [阿里巴巴数据库连接池开源项目 Druid](https://github.com/alibaba/druid) - [阿里巴巴实时数据同步工具 DTS](https://www.aliyun.com/product/dts) ## 问题反馈 - 报告 issue: [github issues](https://github.com/alibaba/canal/issues) 本项目的Issues会被同步沉淀至[阿里云开发者社区](https://developer.aliyun.com/ask) ", Assign "at most 3 tags" to the expected json: {"id":"192","tags":[]} "only from the tags list I provide: [{"id":77,"name":"3d"},{"id":89,"name":"agent"},{"id":17,"name":"ai"},{"id":54,"name":"algorithm"},{"id":24,"name":"api"},{"id":44,"name":"authentication"},{"id":3,"name":"aws"},{"id":27,"name":"backend"},{"id":60,"name":"benchmark"},{"id":72,"name":"best-practices"},{"id":39,"name":"bitcoin"},{"id":37,"name":"blockchain"},{"id":1,"name":"blog"},{"id":45,"name":"bundler"},{"id":58,"name":"cache"},{"id":21,"name":"chat"},{"id":49,"name":"cicd"},{"id":4,"name":"cli"},{"id":64,"name":"cloud-native"},{"id":48,"name":"cms"},{"id":61,"name":"compiler"},{"id":68,"name":"containerization"},{"id":92,"name":"crm"},{"id":34,"name":"data"},{"id":47,"name":"database"},{"id":8,"name":"declarative-gui "},{"id":9,"name":"deploy-tool"},{"id":53,"name":"desktop-app"},{"id":6,"name":"dev-exp-lib"},{"id":59,"name":"dev-tool"},{"id":13,"name":"ecommerce"},{"id":26,"name":"editor"},{"id":66,"name":"emulator"},{"id":62,"name":"filesystem"},{"id":80,"name":"finance"},{"id":15,"name":"firmware"},{"id":73,"name":"for-fun"},{"id":2,"name":"framework"},{"id":11,"name":"frontend"},{"id":22,"name":"game"},{"id":81,"name":"game-engine "},{"id":23,"name":"graphql"},{"id":84,"name":"gui"},{"id":91,"name":"http"},{"id":5,"name":"http-client"},{"id":51,"name":"iac"},{"id":30,"name":"ide"},{"id":78,"name":"iot"},{"id":40,"name":"json"},{"id":83,"name":"julian"},{"id":38,"name":"k8s"},{"id":31,"name":"language"},{"id":10,"name":"learning-resource"},{"id":33,"name":"lib"},{"id":41,"name":"linter"},{"id":28,"name":"lms"},{"id":16,"name":"logging"},{"id":76,"name":"low-code"},{"id":90,"name":"message-queue"},{"id":42,"name":"mobile-app"},{"id":18,"name":"monitoring"},{"id":36,"name":"networking"},{"id":7,"name":"node-version"},{"id":55,"name":"nosql"},{"id":57,"name":"observability"},{"id":46,"name":"orm"},{"id":52,"name":"os"},{"id":14,"name":"parser"},{"id":74,"name":"react"},{"id":82,"name":"real-time"},{"id":56,"name":"robot"},{"id":65,"name":"runtime"},{"id":32,"name":"sdk"},{"id":71,"name":"search"},{"id":63,"name":"secrets"},{"id":25,"name":"security"},{"id":85,"name":"server"},{"id":86,"name":"serverless"},{"id":70,"name":"storage"},{"id":75,"name":"system-design"},{"id":79,"name":"terminal"},{"id":29,"name":"testing"},{"id":12,"name":"ui"},{"id":50,"name":"ux"},{"id":88,"name":"video"},{"id":20,"name":"web-app"},{"id":35,"name":"web-server"},{"id":43,"name":"webassembly"},{"id":69,"name":"workflow"},{"id":87,"name":"yaml"}]" returns me the "expected json"