base on A next-generation cloud native kernel designed to unlock best-in-class performance, security primitives and efficiency savings. <div align="center"> <picture> <img alt="Unikraft logo" src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/unikraft/docs/main/static/assets/imgs/unikraft.svg" width="40%"> </picture> </div> <br /> <div align="center"> [-%23EC591A)][unikraft-latest] [][unikraft-license] [][unikraft-discord] [](https://github.com/unikraft/unikraft/graphs/contributors) [](https://app.codacy.com/gh/unikraft/unikraft/dashboard) </div> <h1 align="center">The fast, secure and open-source <br /> Unikernel Development Kit</h1> <div align="center"> Unikraft powers the next-generation of cloud native, containerless applications by enabling you to radically customize and build custom OS/kernels; unlocking best-in-class performance, security primitives and efficiency savings. </div> <br /> <p align="center"> <a href="https://unikraft.org">Homepage</a> · <a href="https://unikraft.org/docs">Documentation</a> · <a href="https://github.com/unikraft/unikraft/issues/new?assignees=&labels=kind%2Fbug&projects=&template=bug_report.yml">Report Bug</a> · <a href="https://github.com/unikraft/unikraft/issues/new?assignees=&labels=kind%2Fenhancement&projects=&template=project_backlog.yml">Feature Request</a> · <a href="https://unikraft.org/discord">Join Our Discord</a> · <a href="https://x.com/UnikraftSDK">X.com</a> </p> <br /> <div align="center"> <img src="https://unikraft.org/assets/imgs/monkey-business.gif" width="80%" /> </div> <br /> ## Features - **Instantaneous Cold-boots** ⚡ - While Linux-based systems might take tens of seconds to boot, Unikraft will be up in milliseconds. - **Modular Design** 🧩 - Unikraft boasts a modular design approach, allowing developers to include only necessary components, resulting in leaner and more efficient operating system configurations. - **Optimized for Performance** 🚀 - Built for performance, Unikraft minimizes overheads and leverages platform-specific optimizations, ensuring applications achieve peak performance levels. - **Flexible Architecture Support** 💻 - With support for multiple hardware architectures including x86, ARM, (and soon [RISC-V](https://riscv.org/)), Unikraft offers flexibility in deployment across diverse hardware platforms. - **Broad Language and Application Support** 📚 - Unikraft offers extensive support for multiple programming languages and hardware architectures, providing developers with the flexibility to choose the tools and platforms that best suit your needs. - **Cloud and Edge Compatibility** ☁️ - Designed for cloud and edge computing environments, Unikraft enables seamless deployment of applications across distributed computing infrastructures. - **Reduced Attack Surface** 🛡️ - By selectively including only necessary components, Unikraft reduces the attack surface, enhancing security in deployment scenarios. Unikraft also includes many [additional modern security features][unikraft-security-features]. - **Developer Friendly** 🛠️ - Unikraft's intuitive toolchain and user-friendly interface simplify the development process, allowing developers to focus on building innovative solutions. - **Efficient Resource Utilization** 🪶 - Unikraft optimizes resource utilization, leading to smaller footprints (meaning higher server saturation) and improved efficiency in resource-constrained environments. - **Community-Driven Development** 👥 - Unikraft is an open-source project driven by a vibrant community of over 100 developers, fostering collaboration and innovation from industry and academia. ## Quick Start Install the companion command-line client [`kraft`][kraft]: ```shell # Install on macOS, Linux, and Windows: curl -sSfL https://get.kraftkit.sh | sh ``` > See [additional installation instructions][unikraft-cli-install]. Run your first ultra-lightweight unikernel virtual machine: ``` kraft run unikraft.org/helloworld:latest ``` View its status and manage multiple instances: ``` kraft ps --all ``` View the community image catalog in your CLI for more apps: ``` kraft pkg ls --update --apps ``` Or browse through one of the many [starter example projects][unikraft-catalog-examples]. ## Why Unikraft? Unikraft is a radical, yet Linux-compatible with effortless tooling, technology for running applications as highly optimized, lightweight and single-purpose virtual machines (known as unikernels). In today's computing landscape, efficiency is paramount. Unikraft addresses this need with its modular design, enabling developers to create customized, lightweight operating systems tailored to specific application requirements. By trimming excess overhead and minimizing attack surfaces, Unikraft enhances security and performance in cloud and edge computing environments. Unikraft's focus on optimization ensures that applications run smoothly, leveraging platform-specific optimizations to maximize efficiency. With support for various hardware architectures and programming languages, Unikraft offers flexibility without compromising performance. In a world where resources are precious, Unikraft provides a pragmatic solution for streamlined, high-performance computing. ## Getting Started There are two ways to get started with Unikraft: 1. (**Recommended**) Using the companion command-line tool [`kraft`][kraft] (covered below). 2. Using the GNU Make-based system. For this, see our [advanced usage guide][unikraft-guides-advanced]. ### Toolchain Installation You can install the companion command-line client [`kraft`][kraft] by using the interactive installer: ```shell # Install on macOS, Linux, and Windows: curl -sSfL https://get.kraftkit.sh | sh ``` #### macOS ``` brew install unikraft/cli/kraftkit ``` #### Debian/Fedora/RHEL/Arch/Windows Use the interactive installer or see [additional installation instructions][unikraft-cli-install]. ### Codespaces Try out one of the examples in GitHub Codespaces: [][github-codespaces-catalog] ### Container Build Environment You can use the pre-built development container environment which has all dependencies necessary for building and trying out Unikraft in emulation mode. Attach your working directory on your host as a mount path volume mapped to `/workspace`, e.g.: ```shell docker run --platform linux/x86_64 -it --rm -v $(pwd):/workspace --entrypoint bash kraftkit.sh/base:latest ``` The above command will drop you into a container shell. Type `exit` or <kbd>Ctrl</kbd>+<kbd>D</kbd> to quit. ### Testing your Installation Running unikernels with `kraft` is designed to be simple and familiar. To test your installation of `kraft`, you can run the following: ``` kraft run unikraft.org/helloworld:latest ``` ### Build your first unikernel Building unikernels is also designed to be straightforward. Build your first unikernel by simply placing a `Kraftfile` into your repo and pointing it to your existing `Dockerfile`: ```yaml spec: v0.6 runtime: base:latest rootfs: ./Dockerfile cmd: ["/path/to/my-server-app"] ``` > Learn more about the [syntax of a `Kraftfile`][unikraft-kraftfile-syntax]. Once done, invoke in the context of your working directory: ``` kraft run . ``` ## Example Projects and Pre-built Images You can find some common project examples below: | | Example | |-|:-| |  | [Simple "Hello, world!" application written in C](https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples/helloworld-c) | |  | [Simple "Hello, world!" application written in C++](https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples/helloworld-cpp) | |  | [Simple "Hello, world!" application written in Rust built via `cargo`](https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples/helloworld-rs) | |  | [Simple NodeJS 18 HTTP Web Server with `http`](https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples/http-node18) | |  | [Simple Go 1.21 HTTP Web Server with `net/http`](https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples/http-go1.21) | |  | [Simple Flask 3.0 HTTP Web Server](https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples/http-python3.10-flask3.0) | |  | [Simple Python 3.10 HTTP Web Server with `http.server.HTTPServer`](https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples/http-python3.10) | Find [more examples and applications in our community catalog][unikraft-catalog]! ## Cloud Deployment The creators of Unikraft have built [KraftCloud](https://kraft.cloud): a next generation cloud platform powered by technology intended to work in millisecond timescales. | ✅ | Millisecond Scale-to-Zero | ✅ | Millisecond Autoscale | ✅ | Millisecond Cold Boots | |:-|:-|:-|:-|:-|:-| | ✅ | Higher Throughput | ✅ | Much Lower Cloud Bill | ✅ | HW-Level Isolation | | ✅ | On-Prem or Cloud-Prem | ✅ | Works with Docker & K8s | ✅ | Terraform Integration | ### [Sign-up for the beta ↗](https://console.kraft.cloud/signup) <br /> ## Contributing Unikraft is open-source and licensed under `BSD-3-Clause` and the copyright of its authors. If you would like to contribute: 1. Read the [Developer Certificate of Origin Version 1.1](https://developercertificate.org/). 1. Sign-off commits as described in the [Developer Certificate of Origin Version 1.1](https://developercertificate.org/). 1. Grant copyright as detailed in the [license header](https://unikraft.org/docs/contributing/coding-conventions#license-header). This ensures that users, distributors, and other contributors can rely on all the software related to Unikraft being contributed under the terms of the License. No contributions will be accepted without following this process. Afterwards, navigate to the [contributing guide](https://unikraft.org/docs/contributing/unikraft) to get started. See also [Unikraft's coding conventions](https://unikraft.org/docs/contributing/coding-conventions). ## Additional resources * [Quick-start guide][unikraft-gettingstarted] * [What is a unikernel?][unikraft-concepts] * [Unikraft's inherent security benefits][unikraft-security] * [Performance of Unikraft][unikraft-performance] * [POSIX-compatibility with Unikraft][unikraft-posix-compatibility] * [Energy efficiency with Unikraft][Unikraft-green] * [Unikraft Community][unikraft-community] * [Unikraft Documentation][unikraft-docs] ## License Unikraft Open-Source Project source code and its affiliated projects source code is licensed under a `BSD-3-Clause` if not otherwise stated. For more information, please refer to [`COPYING.md`][unikraft-license]. ## Affiliation Unikraft is a member of the [Linux Foundation](https://www.linuxfoundation.org/) and is a [Xen Project](https://xenproject.org/) Incubator Project. The Unikraft name, logo and its mascot are trademark of [Unikraft GmbH](https://unikraft.io). <br /> <div align="left"> <picture> <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://www.linuxfoundation.org/hubfs/lf-stacked-white.svg"> <img alt="LinuxFoundation logo" src="https://www.linuxfoundation.org/hubfs/lf-stacked-color.svg" width="20%"> </picture> &nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp; <picture> <source media="(prefers-color-scheme: dark)" srcset="https://xenproject.org/wp-content/uploads/sites/79/2018/09/logo_xenproject.png"> <img alt="XenProject logo" src="https://downloads.xenproject.org/Branding/Logos/Green+Black/xen_project_logo_dualcolor_767x319.png" width="18%"> </picture> </div> [unikraft-website]: https://unikraft.org [unikraft-docs]: https://unikraft.org/docs [unikraft-community]: https://unikraft.org/community [unikraft-contributing]: https://unikraft.org/docs/contributing/ [unikraft-license]: https://github.com/unikraft/unikraft/blob/staging/COPYING.md [unikraft-latest]: https://github.com/unikraft/unikraft/tree/RELEASE-0.18.0 [unikraft-gettingstarted]: http://unikraft.org/docs/getting-started [unikraft-concepts]: https://unikraft.org/docs/concepts/ [unikraft-posix-compatibility]: https://unikraft.org/docs/features/posix-compatibility [unikraft-performance]: https://unikraft.org/docs/features/performance/ [unikraft-security]: https://unikraft.org/docs/features/security/ [unikraft-security-features]: https://unikraft.org/docs/concepts/security#unikraft-security-features [unikraft-green]: https://unikraft.org/docs/features/green/ [unikraft-discord]: https://bit.ly/UnikraftDiscord [unikraft-cli-install]: https://unikraft.org/docs/cli/install [unikraft-catalog]: https://github.com/unikraft/catalog [unikraft-catalog-examples]: https://github.com/unikraft/catalog/tree/main/examples [unikraft-guides-advanced]: https://unikraft.org/guides/internals [unikraft-kraftfile-syntax]: https://unikraft.org/docs/cli/reference/kraftfile/latest [github-codespaces-catalog]: https://codespaces.new/unikraft/catalog [kraft]: https://github.com/unikraft/kraftkit ", Assign "at most 3 tags" to the expected json: {"id":"4881","tags":[]} "only from the tags list I provide: [{"id":77,"name":"3d"},{"id":89,"name":"agent"},{"id":17,"name":"ai"},{"id":54,"name":"algorithm"},{"id":24,"name":"api"},{"id":44,"name":"authentication"},{"id":3,"name":"aws"},{"id":27,"name":"backend"},{"id":60,"name":"benchmark"},{"id":72,"name":"best-practices"},{"id":39,"name":"bitcoin"},{"id":37,"name":"blockchain"},{"id":1,"name":"blog"},{"id":45,"name":"bundler"},{"id":58,"name":"cache"},{"id":21,"name":"chat"},{"id":49,"name":"cicd"},{"id":4,"name":"cli"},{"id":64,"name":"cloud-native"},{"id":48,"name":"cms"},{"id":61,"name":"compiler"},{"id":68,"name":"containerization"},{"id":92,"name":"crm"},{"id":34,"name":"data"},{"id":47,"name":"database"},{"id":8,"name":"declarative-gui "},{"id":9,"name":"deploy-tool"},{"id":53,"name":"desktop-app"},{"id":6,"name":"dev-exp-lib"},{"id":59,"name":"dev-tool"},{"id":13,"name":"ecommerce"},{"id":26,"name":"editor"},{"id":66,"name":"emulator"},{"id":62,"name":"filesystem"},{"id":80,"name":"finance"},{"id":15,"name":"firmware"},{"id":73,"name":"for-fun"},{"id":2,"name":"framework"},{"id":11,"name":"frontend"},{"id":22,"name":"game"},{"id":81,"name":"game-engine "},{"id":23,"name":"graphql"},{"id":84,"name":"gui"},{"id":91,"name":"http"},{"id":5,"name":"http-client"},{"id":51,"name":"iac"},{"id":30,"name":"ide"},{"id":78,"name":"iot"},{"id":40,"name":"json"},{"id":83,"name":"julian"},{"id":38,"name":"k8s"},{"id":31,"name":"language"},{"id":10,"name":"learning-resource"},{"id":33,"name":"lib"},{"id":41,"name":"linter"},{"id":28,"name":"lms"},{"id":16,"name":"logging"},{"id":76,"name":"low-code"},{"id":90,"name":"message-queue"},{"id":42,"name":"mobile-app"},{"id":18,"name":"monitoring"},{"id":36,"name":"networking"},{"id":7,"name":"node-version"},{"id":55,"name":"nosql"},{"id":57,"name":"observability"},{"id":46,"name":"orm"},{"id":52,"name":"os"},{"id":14,"name":"parser"},{"id":74,"name":"react"},{"id":82,"name":"real-time"},{"id":56,"name":"robot"},{"id":65,"name":"runtime"},{"id":32,"name":"sdk"},{"id":71,"name":"search"},{"id":63,"name":"secrets"},{"id":25,"name":"security"},{"id":85,"name":"server"},{"id":86,"name":"serverless"},{"id":70,"name":"storage"},{"id":75,"name":"system-design"},{"id":79,"name":"terminal"},{"id":29,"name":"testing"},{"id":12,"name":"ui"},{"id":50,"name":"ux"},{"id":88,"name":"video"},{"id":20,"name":"web-app"},{"id":35,"name":"web-server"},{"id":43,"name":"webassembly"},{"id":69,"name":"workflow"},{"id":87,"name":"yaml"}]" returns me the "expected json"