base on A Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for embedded systems # `embedded-hal` > A Hardware Abstraction Layer (HAL) for embedded systems This project is developed and maintained by the [HAL team](https://github.com/rust-embedded/wg#the-hal-team). > [!IMPORTANT] > 📣 `embedded-hal` v1.0 is now released! Check out the [announcement blog post](https://blog.rust-embedded.org/embedded-hal-v1/), the [API documentation](https://docs.rs/embedded-hal) and the [migration guide](docs/migrating-from-0.2-to-1.0.md). ## Scope `embedded-hal` serves as a foundation for building an ecosystem of platform-agnostic drivers. (driver meaning library crates that let a target platform interface an external device like a digital sensor or a wireless transceiver). The advantage of this system is that by writing the driver as a generic library on top of `embedded-hal` driver authors can support any number of target platforms (e.g. Cortex-M microcontrollers, AVR microcontrollers, embedded Linux, etc.). The advantage for application developers is that by adopting `embedded-hal` they can unlock all these drivers for their platform. For functionality that goes beyond what is provided by `embedded-hal`, users are encouraged to use the target platform directly. Abstractions of common functionality can be proposed to be included into `embedded-hal` as described [in this guide](docs/how-to-add-a-new-trait.md), though. See more about the design goals in [this documentation section](https://docs.rs/embedded-hal/latest/embedded_hal/#design-goals). ## Crates The main `embedded-hal` project is not tied to a specific execution model like blocking or non-blocking. | Crate | crates.io | Docs | | |-|-|-|-| | [embedded-hal](./embedded-hal) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-hal) | Core traits, blocking version | | [embedded-hal-async](./embedded-hal-async) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal-async) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-hal-async) | Core traits, async version | | [embedded-hal-nb](./embedded-hal-nb) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal-nb) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-hal-nb) | Core traits, polling version using the `nb` crate | | [embedded-hal-bus](./embedded-hal-bus) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-hal-bus) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-hal-bus) | Utilities for sharing SPI and I2C buses | | [embedded-can](./embedded-can) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-can) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-can) | Controller Area Network (CAN) traits | | [embedded-io](./embedded-io) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-io) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-io) | I/O traits (read, write, seek, etc.), blocking and nonblocking version. | | [embedded-io-async](./embedded-io-async) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-io-async) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-io-async) | I/O traits, async version | | [embedded-io-adapters](./embedded-io-adapters) | [](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-io-adapters) | [](https://docs.rs/embedded-io-adapters) | Adapters between the [`embedded-io`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-io) and [`embedded-io-async`](https://crates.io/crates/embedded-io-async) traits and other IO traits (`std`, `tokio`, `futures`...) | ## Documents - [Migrating from v0.2 to v1.0](docs/migrating-from-0.2-to-1.0.md). - [How-to: add a new trait](docs/how-to-add-a-new-trait.md) - [MSRV](docs/msrv.md) ## Implementations and drivers For a non-exhaustive list of `embedded-hal` implementations and driver crates check the [awesome-embedded-rust] list. You may be able to find even more HAL implementation crates and driver crates by searching for the [`embedded-hal-impl`], [`embedded-hal-driver`] and [`embedded-hal`][embedded-hal-kw] keywords on crates.io. [`embedded-hal-impl`]: https://crates.io/keywords/embedded-hal-impl [`embedded-hal-driver`]: https://crates.io/keywords/embedded-hal-driver [embedded-hal-kw]: https://crates.io/keywords/embedded-hal [awesome-embedded-rust]: https://github.com/rust-embedded/awesome-embedded-rust#driver-crates ## Minimum Supported Rust Version (MSRV) This crate is guaranteed to compile on stable Rust 1.81 and up. It *might* compile with older versions but that may change in any new patch release. See [here](docs/msrv.md) for details on how the MSRV may be upgraded. ## License Licensed under either of - Apache License, Version 2.0 ([LICENSE-APACHE](LICENSE-APACHE) or http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0) - MIT license ([LICENSE-MIT](LICENSE-MIT) or http://opensource.org/licenses/MIT) at your option. ### Contribution Unless you explicitly state otherwise, any contribution intentionally submitted for inclusion in the work by you, as defined in the Apache-2.0 license, shall be dual licensed as above, without any additional terms or conditions. ## Code of Conduct Contribution to this repository is organized under the terms of the [Rust Code of Conduct](CODE_OF_CONDUCT.md), the maintainers of this repository, the [HAL team](https://github.com/rust-embedded/wg#the-hal-team), promise to intervene to uphold that code of conduct. ", Assign "at most 3 tags" to the expected json: {"id":"6861","tags":[]} "only from the tags list I provide: [{"id":77,"name":"3d"},{"id":89,"name":"agent"},{"id":17,"name":"ai"},{"id":54,"name":"algorithm"},{"id":24,"name":"api"},{"id":44,"name":"authentication"},{"id":3,"name":"aws"},{"id":27,"name":"backend"},{"id":60,"name":"benchmark"},{"id":72,"name":"best-practices"},{"id":39,"name":"bitcoin"},{"id":37,"name":"blockchain"},{"id":1,"name":"blog"},{"id":45,"name":"bundler"},{"id":58,"name":"cache"},{"id":21,"name":"chat"},{"id":49,"name":"cicd"},{"id":4,"name":"cli"},{"id":64,"name":"cloud-native"},{"id":48,"name":"cms"},{"id":61,"name":"compiler"},{"id":68,"name":"containerization"},{"id":92,"name":"crm"},{"id":34,"name":"data"},{"id":47,"name":"database"},{"id":8,"name":"declarative-gui "},{"id":9,"name":"deploy-tool"},{"id":53,"name":"desktop-app"},{"id":6,"name":"dev-exp-lib"},{"id":59,"name":"dev-tool"},{"id":13,"name":"ecommerce"},{"id":26,"name":"editor"},{"id":66,"name":"emulator"},{"id":62,"name":"filesystem"},{"id":80,"name":"finance"},{"id":15,"name":"firmware"},{"id":73,"name":"for-fun"},{"id":2,"name":"framework"},{"id":11,"name":"frontend"},{"id":22,"name":"game"},{"id":81,"name":"game-engine "},{"id":23,"name":"graphql"},{"id":84,"name":"gui"},{"id":91,"name":"http"},{"id":5,"name":"http-client"},{"id":51,"name":"iac"},{"id":30,"name":"ide"},{"id":78,"name":"iot"},{"id":40,"name":"json"},{"id":83,"name":"julian"},{"id":38,"name":"k8s"},{"id":31,"name":"language"},{"id":10,"name":"learning-resource"},{"id":33,"name":"lib"},{"id":41,"name":"linter"},{"id":28,"name":"lms"},{"id":16,"name":"logging"},{"id":76,"name":"low-code"},{"id":90,"name":"message-queue"},{"id":42,"name":"mobile-app"},{"id":18,"name":"monitoring"},{"id":36,"name":"networking"},{"id":7,"name":"node-version"},{"id":55,"name":"nosql"},{"id":57,"name":"observability"},{"id":46,"name":"orm"},{"id":52,"name":"os"},{"id":14,"name":"parser"},{"id":74,"name":"react"},{"id":82,"name":"real-time"},{"id":56,"name":"robot"},{"id":65,"name":"runtime"},{"id":32,"name":"sdk"},{"id":71,"name":"search"},{"id":63,"name":"secrets"},{"id":25,"name":"security"},{"id":85,"name":"server"},{"id":86,"name":"serverless"},{"id":70,"name":"storage"},{"id":75,"name":"system-design"},{"id":79,"name":"terminal"},{"id":29,"name":"testing"},{"id":12,"name":"ui"},{"id":50,"name":"ux"},{"id":88,"name":"video"},{"id":20,"name":"web-app"},{"id":35,"name":"web-server"},{"id":43,"name":"webassembly"},{"id":69,"name":"workflow"},{"id":87,"name":"yaml"}]" returns me the "expected json"