base on OpenROAD's unified application implementing an RTL-to-GDS Flow. Documentation at https://openroad.readthedocs.io/en/latest/ # OpenROAD [](https://jenkins.openroad.tools/job/OpenROAD-Public/job/master/) [](https://scan.coverity.com/projects/the-openroad-project-openroad) [](https://openroad.readthedocs.io/en/latest/?badge=latest) [](https://bestpractices.coreinfrastructure.org/en/projects/5370) ## About OpenROAD OpenROAD is the leading open-source, foundational application for semiconductor digital design. The OpenROAD flow delivers an Autonomous, No-Human-In-Loop (NHIL) flow, 24 hour turnaround from RTL-GDSII for rapid design exploration and physical design implementation. ```mermaid %%{ init: { 'theme': 'neutral', 'themeVariables': { 'textColor': '#000000', 'noteTextColor' : '#000000', 'fontSize': '20px' } } }%% flowchart LR b0[ ] --- b2[ ] --- b4[ ] --- ORFlow --- b1[ ] --- b3[ ] --- b5[ ] style b0 stroke-width:0px, fill: #FFFFFF00, color:#FFFFFF00 style b1 stroke-width:0px, fill: #FFFFFF00 style b2 stroke-width:0px, fill: #FFFFFF00 style b3 stroke-width:0px, fill: #FFFFFF00 style b4 stroke-width:0px, fill: #FFFFFF00 style b5 stroke-width:0px, fill: #FFFFFF00, color:#FFFFFF00 linkStyle 0 stroke-width:0px linkStyle 1 stroke-width:0px linkStyle 2 stroke-width:0px linkStyle 3 stroke-width:0px linkStyle 4 stroke-width:0px linkStyle 5 stroke-width:0px subgraph ORFlow direction TB style ORFlow fill:#ffffff00, stroke-width:0px A[Verilog + libraries + constraints] --> FLOW style A fill:#74c2b5,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px subgraph FLOW style FLOW fill:#FFFFFF00,stroke-width:4px direction TB B[Synthesis] B --> C[Floorplan] C --> D[Placement] D --> E[Clock Tree Synthesis] E --> F[Routing] F --> G[Finishing] style B fill:#f8cecc,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px style C fill:#fff2cc,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px style D fill:#cce5ff,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px style E fill:#67ab9f,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px style F fill:#fa6800,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px style G fill:#ff6666,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px end FLOW --> H[GDSII Final Layout] %% H --- H1[ ] %% style H1 stroke-width:0px, fill: #FFFFFF00 %% linkStyle 11 stroke-width:0px style H fill:#ff0000,stroke:#000000,stroke-width:4px end ``` ## OpenROAD Mission [OpenROAD](https://theopenroadproject.org/) eliminates the barriers of cost, schedule risk and uncertainty in hardware design to promote open access to rapid, low-cost IC design software and expertise and system innovation. The OpenROAD application enables flexible flow control through an API with bindings in Tcl and Python. OpenROAD is used in research and commercial applications such as, - [OpenROAD-flow-scripts](https://github.com/The-OpenROAD-Project/OpenROAD-flow-scripts) from [OpenROAD](https://theopenroadproject.org/) - [OpenLane](https://github.com/The-OpenROAD-Project/OpenLane) from [Efabless](https://efabless.com/) - [Silicon Compiler](https://github.com/siliconcompiler/siliconcompiler) from [Zero ASIC](https://www.zeroasic.com/) - [Hammer](https://docs.hammer-eda.org/en/latest/Examples/openroad-nangate45.html) from [UC Berkeley](https://github.com/ucb-bar) - [OpenFASoC](https://github.com/idea-fasoc/OpenFASOC) from [IDEA-FASoC](https://github.com/idea-fasoc) for mixed-signal design flows OpenROAD fosters a vibrant ecosystem of users through active collaboration and partnership through software development and key alliances. Our growing user community includes hardware designers, software engineers, industry collaborators, VLSI enthusiasts, students and researchers. OpenROAD strongly advocates and enables IC design-based education and workforce development initiatives through training content and courses across several global universities, the Google-SkyWater [shuttles](https://platform.efabless.com/projects/public) also includes GlobalFoundries shuttles, design contests and IC design workshops. The OpenROAD flow has been successfully used to date in over 600 silicon-ready tapeouts for technologies up to 12nm. ## Getting Started with OpenROAD-flow-scripts OpenROAD provides [OpenROAD-flow-scripts](https://github.com/The-OpenROAD-Project/OpenROAD-flow-scripts) as a native, ready-to-use prototyping and tapeout flow. However, it also enables the creation of any custom flow controllers based on the underlying tools, database and analysis engines. Please refer to the flow documentation [here](https://openroad-flow-scripts.readthedocs.io/en/latest/). OpenROAD-flow-scripts (ORFS) is a fully autonomous, RTL-GDSII flow for rapid architecture and design space exploration, early prediction of QoR and detailed physical design implementation. However, ORFS also enables manual intervention for finer user control of individual flow stages through Tcl commands and Python APIs. Figure below shows the main stages of the OpenROAD-flow-scripts: ```mermaid %%{init: { 'logLevel': 'debug', 'theme': 'dark' } }%% timeline title RTL-GDSII Using OpenROAD-flow-scripts Synthesis : Inputs [RTL, SDC, .lib, .lef] : Logic Synthesis (Yosys) : Output files [Netlist, SDC] Floorplan : Floorplan Initialization : IO placement (random) : Timing-driven mixed-size placement : Macro placement : Tapcell and welltie insertion : PDN generation Placement : Global placement without placed IOs : IO placement (optimized) : Global placement with placed IOs : Resizing and buffering : Detailed placement CTS : Clock Tree Synthesis : Timing optimization : Filler cell insertion Routing : Global Routing : Detailed Routing Finishing : Metal Fill insertion : Signoff timing report : Generate GDSII (KLayout) : DRC/LVS check (KLayout) ``` Here are the main steps for a physical design implementation using OpenROAD; - `Floorplanning` - Floorplan initialization - define the chip area, utilization - IO pin placement (for designs without pads) - Tap cell and well tie insertion - PDN- power distribution network creation - `Global Placement` - Macro placement (RAMs, embedded macros) - Standard cell placement - Automatic placement optimization and repair for max slew, max capacitance, and max fanout violations and long wires - `Detailed Placement` - Legalize placement - align to grid, adhere to design rules - Incremental timing analysis for early estimates - `Clock Tree Synthesis` - Insert buffers and resize for high fanout nets - `Optimize setup/hold timing` - `Global Routing` - Antenna repair - Create routing guides - `Detailed Routing` - Legalize routes, DRC-correct routing to meet timing, power constraints - `Chip Finishing` - Parasitic extraction using OpenRCX - Final timing verification - Final physical verification - Dummy metal fill for manufacturability - Use KLayout or Magic using generated GDS for DRC signoff ### GUI The OpenROAD GUI is a powerful visualization, analysis, and debugging tool with a customizable Tcl interface. The below figures show GUI views for various flow stages including floorplanning, placement congestion, CTS and post-routed design. #### Floorplan  #### Automatic Hierarchical Macro Placement  #### Placement Congestion Visualization  #### CTS  #### Routing  ### PDK Support The OpenROAD application is PDK independent. However, it has been tested and validated with specific PDKs in the context of various flow controllers. OpenLane supports SkyWater 130nm and GlobalFoundries 180nm. OpenROAD-flow-scripts supports several public and private PDKs including: #### Open-Source PDKs - `GF180` - 180nm - `SKY130` - 130nm - `Nangate45` - 45nm - `ASAP7` - Predictive FinFET 7nm #### Proprietary PDKs These PDKS are supported in OpenROAD-flow-scripts only. They are used to test and calibrate OpenROAD against commercial platforms and ensure good QoR. The PDKs and platform-specific files for these kits cannot be provided due to NDA restrictions. However, if you are able to access these platforms independently, you can create the necessary platform-specific files yourself. - `GF55` - 55nm - `GF12` - 12nm - `Intel22` - 22nm - `Intel16` - 16nm - `TSMC65` - 65nm ## Tapeouts OpenROAD has been used for full physical implementation in over 600 tapeouts in SKY130 and GF180 through the Google-sponsored, Efabless [MPW shuttle](https://efabless.com/open_shuttle_program) and [ChipIgnite](https://efabless.com/) programs.  ### OpenTitan SoC on GF12LP - Physical design and optimization using OpenROAD  ### Continuous Tapeout Integration into CI The OpenROAD project actively adds successfully taped out MPW shuttle designs to the [CI regression testing](https://github.com/The-OpenROAD-Project/OpenLane-MPW-CI). Examples of designs include Open processor cores, RISC-V based SoCs, cryptocurrency miners, robotic app processors, amateur satellite radio transceivers, OpenPower-based Microwatt etc. ## Build OpenROAD To build OpenROAD tools locally in your machine, follow steps from [here](docs/user/Build.md). ## Regression Tests There are a set of executable regression test scripts in `./test/`. ``` shell # run tests for all tools ./test/regression # run all flow tests ./test/regression flow # run <tool> tests ./test/regression <tool> # run all <tool>-specific unit tests cd src/<tool> ./test/regression # run only <TEST_NAME> for <tool> cd src/<tool> ./test/regression <TEST_NAME> ``` The flow tests check results such as worst slack against reference values. Use `report_flow_metrics [test]...` to see all of the metrics. ``` text % report_flow_metrics gcd_nangate45 insts area util slack_min slack_max tns_max clk_skew max_slew max_cap max_fanout DPL ANT drv gcd_nangate45 368 564 8.8 0.112 -0.015 -0.1 0.004 0 0 0 0 0 0 ``` To update a failing regression, follow the instructions below: ```tcl # update log files (i.e. *ok) save_ok <TEST_NAME> # update "*.metrics" for tests that use flow test save_flow_metrics <TEST_NAME> # update "*.metrics_limits" files save_flow_metrics_limits <TEST_NAME> ``` ## Run ``` text openroad [-help] [-version] [-no_init] [-exit] [-gui] [-threads count|max] [-log file_name] cmd_file -help show help and exit -version show version and exit -no_init do not read .openroad init file -threads count|max use count threads -no_splash do not show the license splash at startup -exit exit after reading cmd_file -gui start in gui mode -python start with python interpreter [limited to db operations] -log <file_name> write a log in <file_name> cmd_file source cmd_file ``` OpenROAD sources the Tcl command file `~/.openroad` unless the command line option `-no_init` is specified. OpenROAD then sources the command file `cmd_file` if it is specified on the command line. Unless the `-exit` command line flag is specified, it enters an interactive Tcl command interpreter. A list of the available tools/modules included in the OpenROAD app and their descriptions are available [here](docs/contrib/Logger.md#openroad-tool-list). ## Git Quickstart OpenROAD uses Git for version control and contributions. Get familiarised with a quickstart tutorial to contribution [here](docs/contrib/GitGuide.md). ## Understanding Warning and Error Messages Seeing OpenROAD warnings or errors you do not understand? We have compiled a table of all messages and you may potentially find your answer [here](https://openroad.readthedocs.io/en/latest/user/MessagesFinal.html). ## License BSD 3-Clause License. See [LICENSE](LICENSE) file. ", Assign "at most 3 tags" to the expected json: {"id":"7489","tags":[]} "only from the tags list I provide: [{"id":77,"name":"3d"},{"id":89,"name":"agent"},{"id":17,"name":"ai"},{"id":54,"name":"algorithm"},{"id":24,"name":"api"},{"id":44,"name":"authentication"},{"id":3,"name":"aws"},{"id":27,"name":"backend"},{"id":60,"name":"benchmark"},{"id":72,"name":"best-practices"},{"id":39,"name":"bitcoin"},{"id":37,"name":"blockchain"},{"id":1,"name":"blog"},{"id":45,"name":"bundler"},{"id":58,"name":"cache"},{"id":21,"name":"chat"},{"id":49,"name":"cicd"},{"id":4,"name":"cli"},{"id":64,"name":"cloud-native"},{"id":48,"name":"cms"},{"id":61,"name":"compiler"},{"id":68,"name":"containerization"},{"id":92,"name":"crm"},{"id":34,"name":"data"},{"id":47,"name":"database"},{"id":8,"name":"declarative-gui "},{"id":9,"name":"deploy-tool"},{"id":53,"name":"desktop-app"},{"id":6,"name":"dev-exp-lib"},{"id":59,"name":"dev-tool"},{"id":13,"name":"ecommerce"},{"id":26,"name":"editor"},{"id":66,"name":"emulator"},{"id":62,"name":"filesystem"},{"id":80,"name":"finance"},{"id":15,"name":"firmware"},{"id":73,"name":"for-fun"},{"id":2,"name":"framework"},{"id":11,"name":"frontend"},{"id":22,"name":"game"},{"id":81,"name":"game-engine "},{"id":23,"name":"graphql"},{"id":84,"name":"gui"},{"id":91,"name":"http"},{"id":5,"name":"http-client"},{"id":51,"name":"iac"},{"id":30,"name":"ide"},{"id":78,"name":"iot"},{"id":40,"name":"json"},{"id":83,"name":"julian"},{"id":38,"name":"k8s"},{"id":31,"name":"language"},{"id":10,"name":"learning-resource"},{"id":33,"name":"lib"},{"id":41,"name":"linter"},{"id":28,"name":"lms"},{"id":16,"name":"logging"},{"id":76,"name":"low-code"},{"id":90,"name":"message-queue"},{"id":42,"name":"mobile-app"},{"id":18,"name":"monitoring"},{"id":36,"name":"networking"},{"id":7,"name":"node-version"},{"id":55,"name":"nosql"},{"id":57,"name":"observability"},{"id":46,"name":"orm"},{"id":52,"name":"os"},{"id":14,"name":"parser"},{"id":74,"name":"react"},{"id":82,"name":"real-time"},{"id":56,"name":"robot"},{"id":65,"name":"runtime"},{"id":32,"name":"sdk"},{"id":71,"name":"search"},{"id":63,"name":"secrets"},{"id":25,"name":"security"},{"id":85,"name":"server"},{"id":86,"name":"serverless"},{"id":70,"name":"storage"},{"id":75,"name":"system-design"},{"id":79,"name":"terminal"},{"id":29,"name":"testing"},{"id":12,"name":"ui"},{"id":50,"name":"ux"},{"id":88,"name":"video"},{"id":20,"name":"web-app"},{"id":35,"name":"web-server"},{"id":43,"name":"webassembly"},{"id":69,"name":"workflow"},{"id":87,"name":"yaml"}]" returns me the "expected json"