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base on # Anthropic Python API library
[](https://pypi.org/project/anthropic/)
The Anthropic Python library provides convenient access to the Anthropic REST API from any Python 3.8+
application. It includes type definitions for all request params and response fields,
and offers both synchronous and asynchronous clients powered by [httpx](https://github.com/encode/httpx).
## Documentation
The REST API documentation can be found on [docs.anthropic.com](https://docs.anthropic.com/claude/reference/). The full API of this library can be found in [api.md](api.md).
## Installation
```sh
# install from PyPI
pip install anthropic
```
## Usage
The full API of this library can be found in [api.md](api.md).
```python
import os
from anthropic import Anthropic
client = Anthropic(
api_key=os.environ.get("ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"), # This is the default and can be omitted
)
message = client.messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
)
print(message.content)
```
While you can provide an `api_key` keyword argument,
we recommend using [python-dotenv](https://pypi.org/project/python-dotenv/)
to add `ANTHROPIC_API_KEY="my-anthropic-api-key"` to your `.env` file
so that your API Key is not stored in source control.
## Async usage
Simply import `AsyncAnthropic` instead of `Anthropic` and use `await` with each API call:
```python
import os
import asyncio
from anthropic import AsyncAnthropic
client = AsyncAnthropic(
api_key=os.environ.get("ANTHROPIC_API_KEY"), # This is the default and can be omitted
)
async def main() -> None:
message = await client.messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
)
print(message.content)
asyncio.run(main())
```
Functionality between the synchronous and asynchronous clients is otherwise identical.
## Streaming responses
We provide support for streaming responses using Server Side Events (SSE).
```python
from anthropic import Anthropic
client = Anthropic()
stream = client.messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
stream=True,
)
for event in stream:
print(event.type)
```
The async client uses the exact same interface.
```python
from anthropic import AsyncAnthropic
client = AsyncAnthropic()
stream = await client.messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
stream=True,
)
async for event in stream:
print(event.type)
```
### Streaming Helpers
This library provides several conveniences for streaming messages, for example:
```py
import asyncio
from anthropic import AsyncAnthropic
client = AsyncAnthropic()
async def main() -> None:
async with client.messages.stream(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Say hello there!",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
) as stream:
async for text in stream.text_stream:
print(text, end="", flush=True)
print()
message = await stream.get_final_message()
print(message.to_json())
asyncio.run(main())
```
Streaming with `client.messages.stream(...)` exposes [various helpers for your convenience](helpers.md) including accumulation & SDK-specific events.
Alternatively, you can use `client.messages.create(..., stream=True)` which only returns an async iterable of the events in the stream and thus uses less memory (it does not build up a final message object for you).
## Token counting
To get the token count for a message without creating it you can use the `client.beta.messages.count_tokens()` method. This takes the same `messages` list as the `.create()` method.
```py
count = client.beta.messages.count_tokens(
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022",
messages=[
{"role": "user", "content": "Hello, world"}
]
)
count.input_tokens # 10
```
You can also see the exact usage for a given request through the `usage` response property, e.g.
```py
message = client.messages.create(...)
message.usage
# Usage(input_tokens=25, output_tokens=13)
```
## Message Batches
This SDK provides beta support for the [Message Batches API](https://docs.anthropic.com/en/docs/build-with-claude/message-batches) under the `client.beta.messages.batches` namespace.
### Creating a batch
Message Batches take the exact same request params as the standard Messages API:
```python
await client.beta.messages.batches.create(
requests=[
{
"custom_id": "my-first-request",
"params": {
"model": "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
"max_tokens": 1024,
"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hello, world"}],
},
},
{
"custom_id": "my-second-request",
"params": {
"model": "claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
"max_tokens": 1024,
"messages": [{"role": "user", "content": "Hi again, friend"}],
},
},
]
)
```
### Getting results from a batch
Once a Message Batch has been processed, indicated by `.processing_status === 'ended'`, you can access the results with `.batches.results()`
```python
result_stream = await client.beta.messages.batches.results(batch_id)
async for entry in result_stream:
if entry.result.type == "succeeded":
print(entry.result.message.content)
```
## Tool use
This SDK provides support for tool use, aka function calling. More details can be found in [the documentation](https://docs.anthropic.com/claude/docs/tool-use).
## AWS Bedrock
This library also provides support for the [Anthropic Bedrock API](https://aws.amazon.com/bedrock/claude/) if you install this library with the `bedrock` extra, e.g. `pip install -U anthropic[bedrock]`.
You can then import and instantiate a separate `AnthropicBedrock` class, the rest of the API is the same.
```py
from anthropic import AnthropicBedrock
client = AnthropicBedrock()
message = client.messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello!",
}
],
model="anthropic.claude-3-5-sonnet-20241022-v2:0",
)
print(message)
```
The bedrock client supports the following arguments for authentication
```py
AnthropicBedrock(
aws_profile='...',
aws_region='us-east'
aws_secret_key='...',
aws_access_key='...',
aws_session_token='...',
)
```
For a more fully fledged example see [`examples/bedrock.py`](https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-python/blob/main/examples/bedrock.py).
## Google Vertex
This library also provides support for the [Anthropic Vertex API](https://cloud.google.com/vertex-ai?hl=en) if you install this library with the `vertex` extra, e.g. `pip install -U anthropic[vertex]`.
You can then import and instantiate a separate `AnthropicVertex`/`AsyncAnthropicVertex` class, which has the same API as the base `Anthropic`/`AsyncAnthropic` class.
```py
from anthropic import AnthropicVertex
client = AnthropicVertex()
message = client.messages.create(
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-v2@20241022",
max_tokens=100,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello!",
}
],
)
print(message)
```
For a more complete example see [`examples/vertex.py`](https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-python/blob/main/examples/vertex.py).
## Using types
Nested request parameters are [TypedDicts](https://docs.python.org/3/library/typing.html#typing.TypedDict). Responses are [Pydantic models](https://docs.pydantic.dev) which also provide helper methods for things like:
- Serializing back into JSON, `model.to_json()`
- Converting to a dictionary, `model.to_dict()`
Typed requests and responses provide autocomplete and documentation within your editor. If you would like to see type errors in VS Code to help catch bugs earlier, set `python.analysis.typeCheckingMode` to `basic`.
## Pagination
List methods in the Anthropic API are paginated.
This library provides auto-paginating iterators with each list response, so you do not have to request successive pages manually:
```python
from anthropic import Anthropic
client = Anthropic()
all_batches = []
# Automatically fetches more pages as needed.
for batch in client.beta.messages.batches.list(
limit=20,
):
# Do something with batch here
all_batches.append(batch)
print(all_batches)
```
Or, asynchronously:
```python
import asyncio
from anthropic import AsyncAnthropic
client = AsyncAnthropic()
async def main() -> None:
all_batches = []
# Iterate through items across all pages, issuing requests as needed.
async for batch in client.beta.messages.batches.list(
limit=20,
):
all_batches.append(batch)
print(all_batches)
asyncio.run(main())
```
Alternatively, you can use the `.has_next_page()`, `.next_page_info()`, or `.get_next_page()` methods for more granular control working with pages:
```python
first_page = await client.beta.messages.batches.list(
limit=20,
)
if first_page.has_next_page():
print(f"will fetch next page using these details: {first_page.next_page_info()}")
next_page = await first_page.get_next_page()
print(f"number of items we just fetched: {len(next_page.data)}")
# Remove `await` for non-async usage.
```
Or just work directly with the returned data:
```python
first_page = await client.beta.messages.batches.list(
limit=20,
)
print(f"next page cursor: {first_page.last_id}") # => "next page cursor: ..."
for batch in first_page.data:
print(batch.id)
# Remove `await` for non-async usage.
```
## Handling errors
When the library is unable to connect to the API (for example, due to network connection problems or a timeout), a subclass of `anthropic.APIConnectionError` is raised.
When the API returns a non-success status code (that is, 4xx or 5xx
response), a subclass of `anthropic.APIStatusError` is raised, containing `status_code` and `response` properties.
All errors inherit from `anthropic.APIError`.
```python
import anthropic
from anthropic import Anthropic
client = Anthropic()
try:
client.messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
)
except anthropic.APIConnectionError as e:
print("The server could not be reached")
print(e.__cause__) # an underlying Exception, likely raised within httpx.
except anthropic.RateLimitError as e:
print("A 429 status code was received; we should back off a bit.")
except anthropic.APIStatusError as e:
print("Another non-200-range status code was received")
print(e.status_code)
print(e.response)
```
Error codes are as followed:
| Status Code | Error Type |
| ----------- | -------------------------- |
| 400 | `BadRequestError` |
| 401 | `AuthenticationError` |
| 403 | `PermissionDeniedError` |
| 404 | `NotFoundError` |
| 422 | `UnprocessableEntityError` |
| 429 | `RateLimitError` |
| >=500 | `InternalServerError` |
| N/A | `APIConnectionError` |
## Request IDs
> For more information on debugging requests, see [these docs](https://docs.anthropic.com/en/api/errors#request-id)
All object responses in the SDK provide a `_request_id` property which is added from the `request-id` response header so that you can quickly log failing requests and report them back to Anthropic.
```python
message = client.messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
)
print(message._request_id) # req_018EeWyXxfu5pfWkrYcMdjWG
```
Note that unlike other properties that use an `_` prefix, the `_request_id` property
*is* public. Unless documented otherwise, *all* other `_` prefix properties,
methods and modules are *private*.
### Retries
Certain errors are automatically retried 2 times by default, with a short exponential backoff.
Connection errors (for example, due to a network connectivity problem), 408 Request Timeout, 409 Conflict,
429 Rate Limit, and >=500 Internal errors are all retried by default.
You can use the `max_retries` option to configure or disable retry settings:
```python
from anthropic import Anthropic
# Configure the default for all requests:
client = Anthropic(
# default is 2
max_retries=0,
)
# Or, configure per-request:
client.with_options(max_retries=5).messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
)
```
### Timeouts
By default requests time out after 10 minutes. You can configure this with a `timeout` option,
which accepts a float or an [`httpx.Timeout`](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/#fine-tuning-the-configuration) object:
```python
from anthropic import Anthropic
# Configure the default for all requests:
client = Anthropic(
# 20 seconds (default is 10 minutes)
timeout=20.0,
)
# More granular control:
client = Anthropic(
timeout=httpx.Timeout(60.0, read=5.0, write=10.0, connect=2.0),
)
# Override per-request:
client.with_options(timeout=5.0).messages.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
)
```
On timeout, an `APITimeoutError` is thrown.
Note that requests that time out are [retried twice by default](#retries).
## Default Headers
We automatically send the `anthropic-version` header set to `2023-06-01`.
If you need to, you can override it by setting default headers per-request or on the client object.
Be aware that doing so may result in incorrect types and other unexpected or undefined behavior in the SDK.
```python
from anthropic import Anthropic
client = Anthropic(
default_headers={"anthropic-version": "My-Custom-Value"},
)
```
## Advanced
### Logging
We use the standard library [`logging`](https://docs.python.org/3/library/logging.html) module.
You can enable logging by setting the environment variable `ANTHROPIC_LOG` to `info`.
```shell
$ export ANTHROPIC_LOG=info
```
Or to `debug` for more verbose logging.
### How to tell whether `None` means `null` or missing
In an API response, a field may be explicitly `null`, or missing entirely; in either case, its value is `None` in this library. You can differentiate the two cases with `.model_fields_set`:
```py
if response.my_field is None:
if 'my_field' not in response.model_fields_set:
print('Got json like {}, without a "my_field" key present at all.')
else:
print('Got json like {"my_field": null}.')
```
### Accessing raw response data (e.g. headers)
The "raw" Response object can be accessed by prefixing `.with_raw_response.` to any HTTP method call, e.g.,
```py
from anthropic import Anthropic
client = Anthropic()
response = client.messages.with_raw_response.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
)
print(response.headers.get('X-My-Header'))
message = response.parse() # get the object that `messages.create()` would have returned
print(message.content)
```
These methods return an [`LegacyAPIResponse`](https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-python/tree/main/src/anthropic/_legacy_response.py) object. This is a legacy class as we're changing it slightly in the next major version.
For the sync client this will mostly be the same with the exception
of `content` & `text` will be methods instead of properties. In the
async client, all methods will be async.
A migration script will be provided & the migration in general should
be smooth.
#### `.with_streaming_response`
The above interface eagerly reads the full response body when you make the request, which may not always be what you want.
To stream the response body, use `.with_streaming_response` instead, which requires a context manager and only reads the response body once you call `.read()`, `.text()`, `.json()`, `.iter_bytes()`, `.iter_text()`, `.iter_lines()` or `.parse()`. In the async client, these are async methods.
As such, `.with_streaming_response` methods return a different [`APIResponse`](https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-python/tree/main/src/anthropic/_response.py) object, and the async client returns an [`AsyncAPIResponse`](https://github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-python/tree/main/src/anthropic/_response.py) object.
```python
with client.messages.with_streaming_response.create(
max_tokens=1024,
messages=[
{
"role": "user",
"content": "Hello, Claude",
}
],
model="claude-3-5-sonnet-latest",
) as response:
print(response.headers.get("X-My-Header"))
for line in response.iter_lines():
print(line)
```
The context manager is required so that the response will reliably be closed.
### Making custom/undocumented requests
This library is typed for convenient access to the documented API.
If you need to access undocumented endpoints, params, or response properties, the library can still be used.
#### Undocumented endpoints
To make requests to undocumented endpoints, you can make requests using `client.get`, `client.post`, and other
http verbs. Options on the client will be respected (such as retries) when making this
request.
```py
import httpx
response = client.post(
"/foo",
cast_to=httpx.Response,
body={"my_param": True},
)
print(response.headers.get("x-foo"))
```
#### Undocumented request params
If you want to explicitly send an extra param, you can do so with the `extra_query`, `extra_body`, and `extra_headers` request
options.
#### Undocumented response properties
To access undocumented response properties, you can access the extra fields like `response.unknown_prop`. You
can also get all the extra fields on the Pydantic model as a dict with
[`response.model_extra`](https://docs.pydantic.dev/latest/api/base_model/#pydantic.BaseModel.model_extra).
### Configuring the HTTP client
You can directly override the [httpx client](https://www.python-httpx.org/api/#client) to customize it for your use case, including:
- Support for [proxies](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/proxies/)
- Custom [transports](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/transports/)
- Additional [advanced](https://www.python-httpx.org/advanced/clients/) functionality
```python
import httpx
from anthropic import Anthropic, DefaultHttpxClient
client = Anthropic(
# Or use the `ANTHROPIC_BASE_URL` env var
base_url="http://my.test.server.example.com:8083",
http_client=DefaultHttpxClient(
proxy="http://my.test.proxy.example.com",
transport=httpx.HTTPTransport(local_address="0.0.0.0"),
),
)
```
You can also customize the client on a per-request basis by using `with_options()`:
```python
client.with_options(http_client=DefaultHttpxClient(...))
```
### Managing HTTP resources
By default the library closes underlying HTTP connections whenever the client is [garbage collected](https://docs.python.org/3/reference/datamodel.html#object.__del__). You can manually close the client using the `.close()` method if desired, or with a context manager that closes when exiting.
```py
from anthropic import Anthropic
with Anthropic() as client:
# make requests here
...
# HTTP client is now closed
```
## Versioning
This package generally follows [SemVer](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0.html) conventions, though certain backwards-incompatible changes may be released as minor versions:
1. Changes that only affect static types, without breaking runtime behavior.
2. Changes to library internals which are technically public but not intended or documented for external use. _(Please open a GitHub issue to let us know if you are relying on such internals)_.
3. Changes that we do not expect to impact the vast majority of users in practice.
We take backwards-compatibility seriously and work hard to ensure you can rely on a smooth upgrade experience.
We are keen for your feedback; please open an [issue](https://www.github.com/anthropics/anthropic-sdk-python/issues) with questions, bugs, or suggestions.
### Determining the installed version
If you've upgraded to the latest version but aren't seeing any new features you were expecting then your python environment is likely still using an older version.
You can determine the version that is being used at runtime with:
```py
import anthropic
print(anthropic.__version__)
```
## Requirements
Python 3.8 or higher.
## Contributing
See [the contributing documentation](./CONTRIBUTING.md).
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