base on 🚀 gnet is a high-performance, lightweight, non-blocking, event-driven networking framework written in pure Go. <p align="center"> <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/panjf2000/logos/master/gnet/logo.png" alt="gnet" /> <br /> <a title="Build Status" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/panjf2000/gnet/actions?query=workflow%3ATests"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/actions/workflow/status/panjf2000/gnet/test.yml?branch=dev&style=flat-square&logo=github-actions" /></a> <a title="Codecov" target="_blank" href="https://codecov.io/gh/panjf2000/gnet"><img src="https://img.shields.io/codecov/c/github/panjf2000/gnet?style=flat-square&logo=codecov" /></a> <a title="Supported Platforms" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/panjf2000/gnet"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/platform-Linux%20%7C%20macOS%20%7C%20*BSD%20%7C%20Windows-549688?style=flat-square&logo=launchpad" /></a> <a title="Minimum Go Version" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/panjf2000/gnet"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/go-%3E%3D1.20-30dff3?style=flat-square&logo=go" /></a> <br /> <a title="Go Report Card" target="_blank" href="https://goreportcard.com/report/github.com/panjf2000/gnet"><img src="https://goreportcard.com/badge/github.com/panjf2000/gnet?style=flat-square" /></a> <a title="Doc for gnet" target="_blank" href="https://pkg.go.dev/github.com/panjf2000/gnet/v2#section-documentation"><img src="https://img.shields.io/badge/go.dev-doc-007d9c?style=flat-square&logo=read-the-docs" /></a> <a title="Mentioned in Awesome Go" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/avelino/awesome-go#networking"><img src="https://awesome.re/mentioned-badge-flat.svg" /></a> <a title="Release" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/panjf2000/gnet/releases"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/release/panjf2000/gnet.svg?color=161823&style=flat-square&logo=smartthings" /></a> <a title="Tag" target="_blank" href="https://github.com/panjf2000/gnet/tags"><img src="https://img.shields.io/github/v/tag/panjf2000/gnet?color=%23ff8936&logo=fitbit&style=flat-square" /></a> </p> English | [中文](README_ZH.md) ### 🎉🎉🎉 Feel free to join [the channels about `gnet` on the Discord Server](https://discord.gg/UyKD7NZcfH). # 📖 Introduction `gnet` is an event-driven networking framework that is ultra-fast and lightweight. It is built from scratch by exploiting [epoll](https://man7.org/linux/man-pages/man7/epoll.7.html) and [kqueue](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Kqueue) and it can achieve much higher performance with lower memory consumption than Go [net](https://golang.org/pkg/net/) in many specific scenarios. `gnet` and [net](https://golang.org/pkg/net/) don't share the same philosophy in network programming. Thus, building network applications with `gnet` can be significantly different from building them with [net](https://golang.org/pkg/net/), and the philosophies can't be reconciled. There are other similar products written in other programming languages in the community, such as [libuv](https://github.com/libuv/libuv), [netty](https://github.com/netty/netty), [twisted](https://github.com/twisted/twisted), [tornado](https://github.com/tornadoweb/tornado), etc. which work in a similar pattern as `gnet` under the hood. `gnet` is not designed to displace the Go [net](https://golang.org/pkg/net/), but to create an alternative in the Go ecosystem for building performance-critical network services. As a result of which, `gnet` is not as comprehensive as Go [net](https://golang.org/pkg/net/), it provides only the core functionality (via a concise set of APIs) required by a network application and it doesn't plan on becoming a coverall networking framework, as I think Go [net](https://golang.org/pkg/net/) has done a good enough job in that area. `gnet` sells itself as a high-performance, lightweight, non-blocking, event-driven networking framework written in pure Go which works on the transport layer with TCP/UDP protocols and Unix Domain Socket. It enables developers to implement their own protocols(HTTP, RPC, WebSocket, Redis, etc.) of application layer upon `gnet` for building diversified network services. For instance, you get an HTTP Server if you implement HTTP protocol upon `gnet` while you have a Redis Server done with the implementation of Redis protocol upon `gnet` and so on. **`gnet` derives from the project: `evio` with much higher performance and more features.** # 🚀 Features ## 🦖 Milestone - [x] [High-performance](#-performance) event-driven looping based on a networking model of multiple threads/goroutines - [x] Built-in goroutine pool powered by the library [ants](https://github.com/panjf2000/ants) - [x] Lock-free during the entire runtime - [x] Concise and easy-to-use APIs - [x] Efficient, reusable, and elastic memory buffer: (Elastic-)Ring-Buffer, Linked-List-Buffer and Elastic-Mixed-Buffer - [x] Multiple protocols/IPC mechanisms: `TCP`, `UDP`, and `Unix Domain Socket` - [x] Multiple load-balancing algorithms: `Round-Robin`, `Source-Addr-Hash`, and `Least-Connections` - [x] Flexible ticker event - [x] `gnet` client - [x] Running on `Linux`, `macOS`, `Windows`, and *BSD: `Darwin`/`DragonFlyBSD`/`FreeBSD`/`NetBSD`/`OpenBSD` - [x] **Edge-triggered** I/O support - [x] Multiple network addresses binding ## 🕊 Roadmap - [ ] **TLS** support - [ ] [io_uring](https://github.com/axboe/liburing/wiki/io_uring-and-networking-in-2023) support - [ ] **KCP** support ***Windows version of `gnet` should only be used in development for developing and testing, it shouldn't be used in production.*** # 🎬 Getting started `gnet` is available as a Go module and we highly recommend that you use `gnet` via [Go Modules](https://go.dev/blog/using-go-modules), with Go 1.11 Modules enabled (Go 1.11+), you can just simply add `import "github.com/panjf2000/gnet/v2"` to the codebase and run `go mod download/go mod tidy` or `go [build|run|test]` to download the necessary dependencies automatically. ## With v2 ```bash go get -u github.com/panjf2000/gnet/v2 ``` ## With v1 ```bash go get -u github.com/panjf2000/gnet ``` # 🎡 Use cases The following corporations/organizations use `gnet` as the underlying network service in production. <table> <tbody> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://www.tencent.com/"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/tencent_logo.png" width="200" /> </a> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://www.tencentgames.com/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/tencent-games-logo.jpeg" width="200" /> </a> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://www.iqiyi.com/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/iqiyi-logo.png" width="200" /> </a> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://www.mi.com/global/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/mi-logo.png" width="200" /> </a> </td> </tr> <tr> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://www.360.com/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/360-logo.png" width="200" /> </a> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://tieba.baidu.com/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/baidu-tieba-logo.png" width="200" /> </a> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://www.jd.com/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/jd-logo.png" width="200" /> </a> </td> <td align="center" valign="middle"> <a href="https://www.zuoyebang.com/" target="_blank"> <img src="https://res.strikefreedom.top/static_res/logos/zuoyebang-logo.jpeg" width="200" /> </a> </td> </tr> </tbody> </table> If you're also using `gnet` in production, please help us enrich this list by opening a pull request. # 📊 Performance ## Benchmarks on TechEmpower ```bash # Hardware Environment * 28 HT Cores Intel(R) Xeon(R) Gold 5120 CPU @ 3.20GHz * 32GB RAM * Dedicated Cisco 10-gigabit Ethernet switch * Debian 12 "bookworm" * Go1.19.x linux/amd64 ```  This is a leaderboard of the top ***50*** out of ***486*** frameworks that encompass various programming languages worldwide, in which `gnet` is ranked ***first***.  This is the full framework ranking of Go and `gnet` tops all the other frameworks, which makes `gnet` the ***fastest*** networking framework in Go. To see the full ranking list, visit [TechEmpower Benchmark **Round 22**](https://www.techempower.com/benchmarks/#hw=ph&test=plaintext&section=data-r22). ***Note that the HTTP implementation of gnet on TechEmpower is half-baked and fine-tuned for benchmark purposes only and far from production-ready.*** ## Contrasts to the similar networking libraries ## On Linux (epoll) ### Test Environment ```bash # Machine information OS : Ubuntu 20.04/x86_64 CPU : 8 CPU cores, AMD EPYC 7K62 48-Core Processor Memory : 16.0 GiB # Go version and settings Go Version : go1.17.2 linux/amd64 GOMAXPROCS : 8 # Benchmark parameters TCP connections : 1000/2000/5000/10000 Packet size : 512/1024/2048/4096/8192/16384/32768/65536 bytes Test duration : 15s ``` #### [Echo benchmark](https://github.com/gnet-io/gnet-benchmarks)   ## On MacOS (kqueue) ### Test Environment ```bash # Machine information OS : MacOS Big Sur/x86_64 CPU : 6 CPU cores, Intel(R) Core(TM) i7-9750H CPU @ 2.60GHz Memory : 16.0 GiB # Go version and settings Go Version : go1.16.5 darwin/amd64 GOMAXPROCS : 12 # Benchmark parameters TCP connections : 300/400/500/600/700 Packet size : 512/1024/2048/4096/8192 bytes Test duration : 15s ``` #### [Echo benchmark](https://github.com/gnet-io/gnet-benchmarks)   # ⚠️ License The source code of `gnet` should be distributed under the Apache-2.0 license. # 👏 Contributors Please read the [Contributing Guidelines](CONTRIBUTING.md) before opening a PR and thank you to all the developers who already made contributions to `gnet`! <a href="https://github.com/panjf2000/gnet/graphs/contributors"> <img src="https://contrib.rocks/image?repo=panjf2000/gnet" /> </a> # ⚓ Relevant Articles - [A Million WebSockets and Go](https://www.freecodecamp.org/news/million-websockets-and-go-cc58418460bb/) - [Going Infinite, handling 1M websockets connections in Go](https://speakerdeck.com/eranyanay/going-infinite-handling-1m-websockets-connections-in-go) - [Go netpoller 原生网络模型之源码全面揭秘](https://strikefreedom.top/go-netpoll-io-multiplexing-reactor) - [gnet: 一个轻量级且高性能的 Golang 网络库](https://strikefreedom.top/go-event-loop-networking-library-gnet) - [最快的 Go 网络框架 gnet 来啦！](https://strikefreedom.top/releasing-gnet-v1-with-techempower) # 💰 Backers Support us with a monthly donation and help us continue our activities. <a href="https://opencollective.com/gnet#backers" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/gnet/backers.svg"></a> # 💎 Sponsors Become a bronze sponsor with a monthly donation of $10 and get your logo on our README on GitHub. <a href="https://opencollective.com/gnet#sponsors" target="_blank"><img src="https://opencollective.com/gnet/sponsors.svg"></a> # ☕️ Buy me a coffee > Please be sure to leave your name, GitHub account, or other social media accounts when you donate by the following means so that I can add it to the list of donors as a token of my appreciation. <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/panjf2000/illustrations/master/payments/WeChatPay.JPG" width="250" align="middle"/>&nbsp;&nbsp; <img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/panjf2000/illustrations/master/payments/AliPay.JPG" width="250" align="middle"/>&nbsp;&nbsp; <a href="https://www.paypal.me/R136a1X" target="_blank"><img src="https://raw.githubusercontent.com/panjf2000/illustrations/master/payments/PayPal.JPG" width="250" align="middle"/></a>&nbsp;&nbsp; # 🔑 JetBrains OS licenses `gnet` has been being developed with `GoLand` IDE under the ***free JetBrains Open Source license(s)*** granted by JetBrains s.r.o., hence I would like to express my thanks here. <a href="https://www.jetbrains.com/?from=gnet" target="_blank"><img src="https://resources.jetbrains.com/storage/products/company/brand/logos/jetbrains.svg" alt="JetBrains logo."></a> # 🔋 Sponsorship <p> <h3>This project is supported by:</h3> <a href="https://www.digitalocean.com/"><img src="https://opensource.nyc3.cdn.digitaloceanspaces.com/attribution/assets/SVG/DO_Logo_horizontal_blue.svg" width="201px" /> </a> </p>", Assign "at most 3 tags" to the expected json: {"id":"9602","tags":[]} "only from the tags list I provide: [{"id":77,"name":"3d"},{"id":89,"name":"agent"},{"id":17,"name":"ai"},{"id":54,"name":"algorithm"},{"id":24,"name":"api"},{"id":44,"name":"authentication"},{"id":3,"name":"aws"},{"id":27,"name":"backend"},{"id":60,"name":"benchmark"},{"id":72,"name":"best-practices"},{"id":39,"name":"bitcoin"},{"id":37,"name":"blockchain"},{"id":1,"name":"blog"},{"id":45,"name":"bundler"},{"id":58,"name":"cache"},{"id":21,"name":"chat"},{"id":49,"name":"cicd"},{"id":4,"name":"cli"},{"id":64,"name":"cloud-native"},{"id":48,"name":"cms"},{"id":61,"name":"compiler"},{"id":68,"name":"containerization"},{"id":92,"name":"crm"},{"id":34,"name":"data"},{"id":47,"name":"database"},{"id":8,"name":"declarative-gui "},{"id":9,"name":"deploy-tool"},{"id":53,"name":"desktop-app"},{"id":6,"name":"dev-exp-lib"},{"id":59,"name":"dev-tool"},{"id":13,"name":"ecommerce"},{"id":26,"name":"editor"},{"id":66,"name":"emulator"},{"id":62,"name":"filesystem"},{"id":80,"name":"finance"},{"id":15,"name":"firmware"},{"id":73,"name":"for-fun"},{"id":2,"name":"framework"},{"id":11,"name":"frontend"},{"id":22,"name":"game"},{"id":81,"name":"game-engine "},{"id":23,"name":"graphql"},{"id":84,"name":"gui"},{"id":91,"name":"http"},{"id":5,"name":"http-client"},{"id":51,"name":"iac"},{"id":30,"name":"ide"},{"id":78,"name":"iot"},{"id":40,"name":"json"},{"id":83,"name":"julian"},{"id":38,"name":"k8s"},{"id":31,"name":"language"},{"id":10,"name":"learning-resource"},{"id":33,"name":"lib"},{"id":41,"name":"linter"},{"id":28,"name":"lms"},{"id":16,"name":"logging"},{"id":76,"name":"low-code"},{"id":90,"name":"message-queue"},{"id":42,"name":"mobile-app"},{"id":18,"name":"monitoring"},{"id":36,"name":"networking"},{"id":7,"name":"node-version"},{"id":55,"name":"nosql"},{"id":57,"name":"observability"},{"id":46,"name":"orm"},{"id":52,"name":"os"},{"id":14,"name":"parser"},{"id":74,"name":"react"},{"id":82,"name":"real-time"},{"id":56,"name":"robot"},{"id":65,"name":"runtime"},{"id":32,"name":"sdk"},{"id":71,"name":"search"},{"id":63,"name":"secrets"},{"id":25,"name":"security"},{"id":85,"name":"server"},{"id":86,"name":"serverless"},{"id":70,"name":"storage"},{"id":75,"name":"system-design"},{"id":79,"name":"terminal"},{"id":29,"name":"testing"},{"id":12,"name":"ui"},{"id":50,"name":"ux"},{"id":88,"name":"video"},{"id":20,"name":"web-app"},{"id":35,"name":"web-server"},{"id":43,"name":"webassembly"},{"id":69,"name":"workflow"},{"id":87,"name":"yaml"}]" returns me the "expected json"